BUSINESS LETTERS 



SECOND SERIES 



* 



IN THE SIMPLE 

REPORTING STYLE 

OF 

GRAHAM'S 
STANDARD PHONOGRAPHY 



NEW YORK 
ANDREW J. GRAHAM & CO. 
1135 Broadway 

L.- 



THE LIBRARY OF 
CONGRESS, 

Two Copies Received 

JUL 13 1901 

Copyright entry 
CLASS O/ XXc N# - 

7*77 

COPY B. 



Copyright, 1901, By Andrew J. Graham & Co. 













,: 


{ C\0\ 


« c 

• • 

C I 

c 


• • 

C C 

c c 

f c 


• 

f c 

« c 

< c < 

c c 


« c 
c c 


• 4 

c c c 
c ( 
c c c 


t « 

t < 

C C 

<. ( 

C C C ( 


c c C t c t t 

• • e • 

6 • C « C • 

• • • 4 

■ C C € C C 


c ' < 

I" , L 


c c c ' 

c I '■ ( 


1- C c 


c 

c « » 




•J • l ( t 


' "V 



PREFACE. 



The letters of this series are technical and have been 
classified according to the subjects to which they relate. 
Enough of each subject is given to materially enlarge 
the student's vocabulary. 

Although the originals were excellent specimens of 
business correspondence, they have been edited suffi- 
ciently to destroy their identity and to make them as 
nearly as possible uniform in punctuation, capitalization, 
and paragraphing, so that in those respects they are 
models, as the engraved characters are models of phono- 
graphic penmanship. 

The style of writing in this book is a little more 
advanced than that in the first series. Phrasing is used 
more freely, and the principle of implying of and of a by 
juxtaposition has been followed. The instances in which 
any ambiguity arises from the use of this principle are 
too few to make it worth while invariably to write the 
of or of a. 



BUSINESS LETTERS. 



_r-_.-.--v- 



^... ..:.,-.. 77.. .:._: 



-- l --~ *-i-~ i- 



_ _ s _ >v^- c _ 



' T 



— . s — 

. _ .-/___ -__"■___— __ _\_ '__v- ... fT-V- 



----- ■ -~ f «--~^.„. v -.-^_:_A_V^ 



X 



^1 _ 7 ^ 



.- 



- 



_ -— - V 



-- - 



'V 



----- 





^-v 






_/.. 




.1 ^:_ _w- 


^ , 


-r^. -- c- 




' . 


1 








_ Vr _ 


• _^ c 


"--- 


— Ns 





_<s^ J06 



BUSINESS LETTERS. 



I 



r\. JOS'- .^ 



^ f - ? - 



dk _ ./. _a__/. 



._,_ /fS.^r-.l^seC: 



H--^—^----/--^ ■**»- 



—»?„>.- X.kHf 



^ _ .TV— _Xyf_ 
.-^N. ->->_■ /f_T yt- -S. _ _ _~ 



_cu: 



■v_o--- 









_<<v__._ 



-1-^-1 ■ 



_,.r_ v l. 

..:t_U--7r__ A-V. 



Vt_ 



^ 



«\* 



I 



■^ 



^ 



*> 






.J 



( *^_ 



-^ d-v 



b_. 



-^v-^- 



BUSINESS LETTERS. 
— 1 J~ J-» 



_ Cl S* k. Jr.. .-*./. ^. .f>J. I- : -V- A -^ 



k. - 



^/.^..v^_ ^— k, + ■y..^-^- 



l L 






^ 



"^ 



-Vc- 



Vr 1 ,r 



.^-ZJJ> 



1-A.fL 









-* 






C_^. _n s_ 7 __»_ , .X o_^ vj jry^crr: 



"No 



lo 



— \ 






.— A- r?.. 



.-V^c, 



— . /_> 



BUSINESS LETTERS. 






^ 



r/ i 



-N: 






tr/X- 



*L" 



^VV 



L • 



-> 



O ^ ^--Nc; 5 



-I- 



v^ 



irl 



V 



c :;>/>_;i 5 ..^_= V5 .^s-. 



-V. 



^_/_. 



-7 



X" 



->-,--/ - --^-^t--^-^-/^ 






L 






=V-- 










j" 









--v 



BUSINESS LETTERS. 



.!..v..V{. N ..r..^.^_^ : ._.^.. 



.J_>.._. V «< H . ^ .-yi 






.r.-^-r:'-^-- _ f !-i» :'.* -^ ^ 



j.CLT— * 1 






:-\- ( ---rv 



G 






^- 



10 BUSINESS LETTERS. 



-7 






tf 



<r> "C-^ -"N 



^-"v 



1 t 









. >-D 









-J- 



» _ 5s- _°s^ ^Va . 






BUSINESS LETTERS. 11 






V 

W 



S- 






JX. 



-> 



rvi.^.n 



. f _^b -\ /- J \. V: ^J./„ N 






Cj> 



T-----7 



7 



MARINE CONSTRUCTION. 



^.-<-"- ; .-/^^-N:--^^-^-f--'^ ; -o- 



V- 



^ 



V 



'-N-<- 



12 



BUSINESS LETTERS. 



<—3 



._ V /I vi, v^_r73-/._. xi._ v /r___ , _ A*_2).Vt / „ 



\- 



<r~ 



^ Y 



c °— ^y 



Jn 



c i ^- 



\" 



C <- 






</--\- 



.7-Y. 



.?. V. 



</ 



f 



</ 



Vs> ^ . 



J"- 



-X-. 



w V- 



*> 



-y^-V^ *~^ - —- *^- 3 ° -1--*% ^ 



s- 



.?> v^.. 5 : 



-'--^-^-v- 



n 



-r-y 



-^- 






BUSINESS LETTERS. 13 

JO 



14 



BUSINESS LETTERS. 



V^ 



1/ 






<sv 






a 



A.. 






"\^ 



.%-*-■ -->- 



rr-___Lrr_~j ^-^.Jbrd, z. 






/t^T^-X 



-)-^-^-— ^ >T- r -V-- 



/_/>, rr-__tz„r> 



U^-^ ^c 



.--Vs^t,-H:-^-<--/- : -V L ^^ 



Nf A_^_X-/l 



^./.v^-X-^^---^-*-- 



.22 



.tx-. \ t> , ^y^' t> 



>Wh ^- c - 



BUSINESS LETTERS. 15 



<; ^V ^— o_.(L ,-_ <=_^ J ^"7 *_$_^ 



V. 



\ 






6^ 



"<; 



--^» 



.-V. x^TL 



.nr-^-f-i^ 



L^A-^b-^-// 



%. v 



L.-v,.-.-^ . .^ V / 



16 



v 



BUSINESS LETTERS. 
13 



r__\^. 



"^ Vs <£> Y.>_/« Y.\ ^ Y "\> 



^ . r 



\ 



Y £v x 6 o , _YY , - 1 _'5T_ _ — , ^-^-^_f^__ ■* t o /P 






N 



^1 



k; 



^.. 



X 



6/r.\/o^ '* _^rf.^_/«-Y/o o ^ 



< Vn c 



_^__^.:_.y. r>„y_,i_As^_ 



^ """ o U .J 5 



Y..^ ^ A 



-^-T-<-/ 



t 



^Y 



<r -v, 



2H- 



w*x 



S, 



V x>\ 



-\_ 



s 



.2 SO. 



.??. : -V -V V^ 



BUSINESS LETTERS. 



17 






V 



_D ^ 



JV^ .^ 



-V 



N V 



._„. -..^l^c.- .. v - , 



^- 1 






1 ^-)- r - 



V r ...O.. 



v 1 ^r\^*._l.V"Y«s,^_. 



~S" 






)/" 









\ 



^ „_£)_:- % T._f {7 • 



.:_/.. 






A^ 



^-^-1 -->"-- 



18 



BUSINESS LETTEHS. 




^ i^ 



\-4r- 



■<**■- 



XT 



_^|_ 



> 



a 






-j" 7 - 









? 



^_ 



wv 



BUSINESS LETTERS. 

ELECTRICAL CONSTRUCTION. 
'7 



19 



-/_k. 



,^rf.^/_ V-^ 



_r\ 



^ 



■^-/^ 



~> 



u_t, £ 



rr 



A, 









'^r.y.-'.oy, i 



^_. ^.. 



■v\ 



kr 






\ ^ 












20 



BUSINESS LETTERS. 

is 






, "Z &* , 



■ \ 






->-^ ^.-^/.-n/-i.v>.-^ {.TV-v'--^- 



->.K-Z.-1 



5_A_/l -_|.^b ^Vs--- LU/^^. 



. l ..a.')..S...-i./:-. fL.A.:.^\ , ,c 






i^- 



r.^,--^,,-^. 






....\. 



^.v^_ N .. 



BUSINESS LETTERS. 



21 



'9 

s ^4 <£_ _, ^_y_ .U-2s. 6..-Z.. 






-£v 



.( , 






V^^-3 



o_ 



"NT " 

. c ..i ^..i^.. •n.-i / j^ , __c v ^.^r_..v. ) 



c^ 






■~-^*HrA 



<L. 



-v 



~--^ 






22 



BUSINESS LETTERS. 
zo 



_(7.:n 2_:n 



-?' 






-c_*> 



I" 



-^.^-c. ^7__±-?/\_. s^..-^.!^ \_*. 






■> 



■>> °> 



-V c. 



A. 



=t--^.-.— 



:xs_=._yn 



.1./.^. ^.f..ty_N,_!. ^ / , ^4.^ ^L 



Ll. 



■Y 



>. 



V~^r 









I .tl7 _ .f J— vx>- 



- V V>-^- --j- 



<■- 



_V-h- 



L^_( 



<-H> 



■*F- 



BUSINESS LETTERS. 



23 



-v*. K -tt:^ 



^v 



U-Xsc*-. 



5* 






*"l / 

- -/- -2 „_ /^r _ _ _ 1 _ <£>zo Z30 //jr <L/| _ / 

/ / 

.7 /^ -Tr^rr^ _ rrrr^ 



-v 



3__ N *AXl 



W-^ 



/ 



T--' 



. -_! o 



vv^- 



v X 



.^._-N 









^ ^r/.^ 



_^£? 



.. c. 



-U->- 



rvi..!s 



Q^ 



'---u- 






r<~. 



■^ 



^<? 



^_ 



__j? 



■V-^-"-<:-' rv -'l-: 



_«C? 



24 



BUSINESS LETTEKS. 
JiZ 






-c 



^ 









<L_ 



_'__^2_V .£<?<? jl-Je 



<^- 






o o _ 






^.^ V 



y 



\. ^ 



A. :a 



<e- 






f- 






BUSINESS LETTERS. 
23 



25 






x 



■^ <-.*.. v /-----f---- 



-^%" 



£_. 



^>- 



1 



w. 



..C™ 






/*- 



20 BUSINESS LETTERS. 






•^~ 






AN 






i- 



r" ^ 



R 






^«r 



^..^,1_. 



BUSINESS LETTERS. 



27 



r..^ j_y r.tc 7^^/. Kj-.-^j-j, 



--t- 1 



^.__ J - . 



..^,.,4./. 



C \ 



..>..%.r\_ o __m..^- k-.^..-% 






.cC^i/.S.'-i.. L-C^A.^ 



!\.. 









/.. 



'ii" 



>-&«/)-- 



lcz:..^ . i„d„o_t 



-P u-^--N^ A 



^ 



"<" 



IX 



-"V 






tr-^3 > f-^-/ 



^ 



H 



*-\ ko 



/^. ..^-^/V-tf^- 



:_-^..v.; 



^ 



*__?V 



^ 



28 



BUSINESS LETTERS. 



C— Ti 






**/__-— r> Z 3 f N 



s^| 



.//r; 



^o X- /o o 



-— -I:-— ■<)■/ — 



^ 






L 









^--v-r- c -^^-)-^/-- 



.1^ 



\ 






^„ 






-■^ T /f- 



IRON. 

*7 



y 



BUSINESS LETTERS. 29 



i 



-.5^:..^ J 



c i 



1 3c?___^o_/__Xr_„__ ( y i <^_ 



-1H-^- 



T 






/ 






fc: 



--)- 



.."^ 



4 



A^i 



^-^ 






-) 



1- 



^s^ 






3./Mi 



J.. 









^~^ ; l^_-/U/VS=vU 



^-----^--^--^/^ 



30 BUSINESS LETTERS. 



.1.^.1 ) «s. s w.- J ./--?r-f-' m->r_ „r_,.7. 



.QZX jlc- 



ti-'— t 

c /i^ f ._..-:r! ^..:.!s, , { 












BUSINESS LETTERS. 



31 



'- L VT ---)---^-\-^ 



Vi !_>:r- y 



-\- 



<- 



•<c 






v, ,Vt,- 



J£> 



-// 



^ -^Cx 



J 






/i 



._-y 



-*x J ^ ~-p--% .x J ^- 









Ar 



/.ksL^ v c.rr^i :\ _./. 









^>~^-V^ 



K5" 



Vu, 



32 



^ 



•> 



BUSINESS LETTERS. 

-^ r 



T- 



31 



— 4_ , 



_i.J 1_ 



^e-/ 



K- 






1 r 2 u/. 






.— v-Va- 



r^ I 



v 









.1 _..\.rr: :*^-i_ 






.q^^/.t..- _.__:?_ 



i. 



i^_j? 






— i- % -»- V '/-^-^-^-^--^ ^ 



f" - / -" V -- 






.^ 



j^ 






...y^v^-V^. 



'X- 233 . Z 4-jz^. 



.(?.. 



rv_ 



r 






BUSINESS LETTERS. 33 



1 1 ? . t y- ^ 

o V a L^_q_ v_ 



-<l-« 






^ 5 Wi?.ill,^. 



1/ 

33 

-^ C 









^ 






e- 



^ 



^.* ~ ^ \ r. 



i- 



■-S'^r 



34 



BUSINESS LETTERS. 






.^.:..V- 



^-n .^/.r.._......-</.^ *J__v. .^..rv. 



"V 



/ c 



V 



/I 



.4 



0-.^.:^ _"rV„M Cl."?.^ 



-3- 



1_ -: 






c. 



--V--S*.-- 



^ 



3¥- 



/V) ^ *~- ^._. ^A^/A^.a-, /v.._ 






-b 






.ilrt-j 



^^ ^n v^ 



t-^-e 



+i^ 



.:__%> .^ 



-- -V C - ^ > - ^ -^,^-r- 



BUSINESS LETTERS. 35 

J ^A - >_^, ^A_ .^/^ 



36 



BUSINESS LETTERS. 



^..i.:.^ ) 



S»" 



.^a r -^>. 



p.^..-x 



r 



r.^ :.rv. f-^-x-i-^/-! -^ -^ J- *=--'- y p ^ 






l 



-■=y 



*? 



*v 



■v- 



,.•3 






^ — -^ *//f 

a-/ 



/ ^m.n rb/.:_rf • ~ .•2v_/i_'^_>._ 



'r- 



-2— -I;- 



V 



=v 



tsCy...^. 



JL. 



) rrrT.rA ^, ..^./l.L <^.. 



-^~,C 



..4 A 



<* 



^_D_ 



-->•- 

"-^o 



BUSINESS LETTERS. 37 






:., s -Vo -olbC.-d. 



T\~ 



--^— — - v — ^v^- V 



I 



^.\_._._M )Jk/.*_ 



") 



^ ~ - Vc-A- 



■H- A ~r-'~ ..-:-v^-/V-l 






^Y.^JY 



) ^ /^ 



PAPER AND BOARDS. 
38 



?>/-: 



'/-VT- 









•*>.- 



H 



V "V* 



-_^_. r .u_^^ 7 



: t -^.« 



LIA^f.^ 



tv-v- f ^»V* 



x \, 



- t _ t] ..._/7'-^-^2 • -?^.3<> 



<--J-'^ 



38 



BUSINESS LETTERS. 



J-N^ 



^^-V-V-V-^r^/..^ ^_..tv..rV). 






r^A^ , v. _ ^...-/ r V^.^.:. <~ 



C 









-V^" 
L 



4 1 St 



-N,-^- 



\- 









,ry. 



^--^ 



i— s ^ /<r< 



^ 



-v •* _W 



<^e 



;-t 



■"7" 



^t 



^---^-)--r ^-^- ry ^^..U^- 



. _ c 



BUSINESS LETTERS. 



39 






rv 



\> 



L.J 






=1- /----^y*-^— ^v- 



-t- 






.^. 



^<-v 



/^i 



rs/_:_^> -r - ^J.i;, - ^ <^1 



_C ;„V. 



..^/__S_ /-_">. 



rv 



t<- 



Y> 



.30- 



C W ,-\-/-^-^ 7 J ---V-,- A -^-V-:)-- 



V- 



n- 









L / 



aC-'S -? £> ^-w ^ ^ --/ 



- r 



^~ ( -^-£-,-/ 



.^ 



--^r 



\ 



■r^-- 



40 



BUSINESS LETTERS. 






V, 



■> 






./.x^..^^..^ / /.x 



*-r=~ 









*--V*-!?- 



^/ 









■fcr^ •***- 



BUSINESS LETTERS. 



41 



-I--V 



. t .i^v..^..v-^ n ^.^-.x... 



, v f- 



^-L. to -<s / 



r> 



-y^-— £-- 



' r 



k \ ^ ^-^ >/-- 



t ,i 



I— ^ <3-^ _js _— y 
Y 



/<?<? £.. 



3T" "K ' 

^v .5./: 



----^ 



~/0& 



.±M >*ry_X 






-? 



t+tf- 



i-^ / /sir. 



_r7...4Q..„v.. r .. v y_i N /v.^ ^-r.: 



i>_,i <N ) Cv 



-;J- 






V-, — .>r>. 



K" 6 



-/• 



^A-- 



_>.ss../.^. 3 _ .^. c > !I^1__:3^v^„1 .?, 



42 BUSINESS LETTERS. 









~\ 



YARNS. 

m_ _^~^i J — ^ ^/- /i^^ 



)" 






-^.Afjv 



"x 



rt. 



U„\-±- —^i^.^.r\.. y .c r /.. 









*/ 



<4- 



• . i^ 



>li..^..V..f. 



^. — ^ 



.^:. 



BUSINESS LETTEKS. 



43 



y-k- 






<- 9 



k. 



r 



(/ ^ 



c 









°-T> 



-t-H-^- 



fi- T - 



— ^— -i-/- c - 



j£.-r-J?„J^ 



ulo 



-2<7— ?_ 






T 



kr. 



L-Sr^-^ 






r 



oi / J...U 



44 



_£\___7-- 



"T 



BUSINESS LETTERS. 






'S \^_. 



\^ 



J. 



4 ~_V^ 






\ 



•)--^--l 



_.Y1_ 



•r--M-/^T 3 



^-<L..__<. - ^--^1- 



// q_p-- <g q_o 



V! 



^ 






_/.? 



, _X- vXt </- 






./2 ^- /X ^ _ 



-v^--^- 



3 

r" 

.<■ 



,S . 6-->- 



\ 



-t: 



/..S. « 1 4. 






-O 



-V! 



<o 



X" 



^D 



_v-£? . 



A. 



BUSINESS LETTERS. 



45 



^/ 



J, 



.ZfjLL-s\... 17 






-~t^--- 



->, v_ ..-v^/^JX Zf.Al.i 



.\i ^ .^>..!.-/^f..,..^...r:.|-// 



/ x 









^-:-r|, 1- ^y/Jv-^y-r^ 



—\- 



<n U 



irS ^>. .^./V-^-^^--S 



-li fv .Al^ ^-V/ 



X 



^_P \o 



XI 






~r, 






46 



BUSINESS LETTERS. 



..-v^ 



A, .. 



i--^-. V~ -TV-°- -x-j,-^ ^ 






Lx 






j^. 









r.. 









MISCELLANEOUS. 



^•^ 






-V 



v^ U-^. 



^V 









... v^ 



.„—/<7<jo- 



-% 



v~> 






BUSINESS LETTERS. 



47 






->-/— 



r t N^..^„^'.Ny.=S 



%/^ C^N 






V. 



^1 



*s 



,. H - 



-t-^- -4/--^^-r— t- 






S 



v^/^..^..^/. 



«?/ 



...a^-C^ ,.r-f; 



^ 






4.^.^. H J. h ^.-_„ r ^2./_V ^.x^-1- 



_^.__ /.r> _ry . P. v .f^A-f. /C^ 



-n-)- 



K .A o o , r\_ 



C 



fc 



A.c^/u .^.^.^.^ w r^„?Y"^- 



W^ 



.^. c _^ ^r.v^h -^-z^cfe. 



48 BUSINESS LETTERS 

1.0. .a. x ± ^-^ r 



x ri. 



^,.C5_ 



kr- 



N~^ 



-^-^-V 



S^r\ , \ :^x.A~ 



> 



52 



V 



...-.V^x^^f,^/-.^ 

<V" C I v 



-V-,- 



o/J/.!rT..e.l..., 7 ...,., n s^-St.-V, 



_y 



-/— \ 



r. 



C/\ 



.vx 



5j 



fr: rr^..C X./ ^ 4 X- . SL, <~- ;.\ x . 



BUSINESS LETTERS. 



49 









50 BUSINESS LETTERS. 



-V 



<c. 



v < ■^/ V ^.t~s.j- T 



"1 



tf-fl s\-. 






ss 



. *S/0V 









N 



( v ->— r *s 



>_:x 



tT /X. 



K-M-. r L/.-_,.. 






BUSINESS LETTERS. 



51 



1*L 



*-h ^- 



./v. 



_Z8 J , AlS. 



^A 









^"v_ ___"2 ,_^._ <£/W__ _ 



.... y..:rx 



^vrv 









■ti" 



BUSINESS LETTERS. 



CHAIRS. 

J. H. Franklin, Esq., Africa, Mo. 

Dear Sir: — We send you to-day by express the repairs which you 
requested of us some time ago. We have been delayed in getting 
them out, as each piece has to go through the filling and varnish- 
ing departments, then to the rubbers and polishers, and it takes as 
long to finish a single piece as it does the whole chair, since the 
different coats must have time to dry. 

We send you six spindles for the back of the No. 304 Dresden, 
three arm spindles for the No. 208 ox-blood, a quarter-sawed, 
antique oak top for No. 553, and a rocker for No. 377, Belgian oak, 
right-hand side as you face the chair. This rocker is bored, ready 
to put on. We would have sent you at this time the rocker for the 
543 which you desire, but you failed to say for which side of the 
chair it was to be. We can send you the rocker unbored, if you 
wish ; but if you will say for which side it is, we will send it to 
you at once. 

We regret that you have had so much trouble with broken goods, 
but believe there must be some careless handling on the road, 
as the chairs are in perfect condition when they leave the factory, 
each chair being subjected to a rigid examination before being sent 
to the papering room. 

Trusting that these repairs will meet with your requirements, and 
hoping that we may be favored with your further orders, we 
remain, 

Respectfully yours, 

The Holzarbeiter Chair Co, 



54 BUSINESS LETTERS. 

II. 

3Iessrs. Harding & Davis, Indiana, Pa. 

Gentlemen: — We beg to acknowledge receipt of your esteemed 
favor of the 8th inst., inquiring concerning our chairs, and we mail 
you to-day, under separate cover, our illustrated catalogue, together 
with price list. 

We also enclose you herewith blue-prints of some of our new styles, 
which were not completed in time to be photographed for our Jan- 
uary catalogue. The descriptions are as follows : 

No. 506, Diner, Antique Oak, Quarter-sawed top, Cane, 

perdoz., - $27.00 

No. 506)4, Arm Chair to match, Antique Oak, Quarter- 
sawed top, Cane, each 5.00 

No. 506 in Solid Mahogany, add $1.50 to price of diner. 

No. 506 }4 in Solid Mahogany, add $2.00. 

For Leather, Springs, add $1.00 to Cane price. 

No. 503, Rocker, square top, low back, upholstered back 
and seat, tow roll, made in Antique Oak, Imitation 
of Mahogany, Ox-blood, Belgian Oak, Gloss finish, 
upholstered in Tapestry, Brocatelle, Velours or Bro- 
caline, --- - 3.75 

No. 336, Rocker, narrow top, panel in back, spring seat, 
finely hand-polished, made in Solid Mahogany, Imi- 
tation of Mahogany on Birch, Golden Birch, Dres- 
den, or Ox-blood, upholstered back and seat (that is, 
the panel upholstered,) in the best grade of Silk 
Velours, Lotus, Lily Velours, etc., with Brass Gimp, 8.50 
For Solid Mahogany add $1.00. 

We are just about to put on the market a leader in the shape 
of a new high-back, box-seat rocker, with quarter-sawed top, bent 
back-posts, spring seat, hand carved on both top and ends of arms. 
This rocker will be made in antique oak and imitation of mahog- 
any, and will be upholstered in tapestries, velours, corduroys, and 
brocatelles. The price per dozen is $39.00, f. o. b. cars here. Our 
chairs are all hand-polished, and an A-l grade of varnish used on 
them. 

Hoping that we maybe favored with an order from your firm, 
and assuring you that should we receive an order it shall have our 
prompt and careful attention, we remain, 

Respectfully yours, 

The Schenectady Chaik Co. 



BUSINESS LETTERS. 55 

III. 

Messrs. Granger & Haley, Shaucks, Mo. 

Gentlemen: — Your favor of the 3d making inquiry concerning 
our new line of chairs and rockers for July is received. In reply 
we will say that we consider this the best line that we have ever 
got out. Our pattern makers have been at work for the last three 
months on these new designs, and the first sample chairs have just 
been shipped to the Rapids to be photographed. Our line will be 
on exhibition as usual on the second floor of the Pythian Temple, 
in our old rooms, and we shall be glad to have your buyer call on 
us and see them. 

We give you here a description of a few of our leading designs, 
so that you may have a guide by which to order these goods, in 
case you find it impossible to attend the Exposition : 

No. 255, Square top, square post diner, upholstered back 
and seat, with Leather or Pantasote. Antique Oak, 
Solid Mahogany, or Belgian Oak, per dozen - $36.00 

No. 255^, Arm chair to match, square top, square posts, 

upholstered same as No. 255, each - 4.50 

No. 388, Large square posts, wide top, easy rocker, box 
seat, high back, top handsomely carved, made in 
Antique Oak, Green, Belgian Oak, Ox-blood, Golden 
Birch, Dresden, and Imitation of Mahogany, up- 
holstered in Tapestry, Velours, Corduroy, Broca- 
telle, Brocaline, Normandie Plush, or Silk Plush, 
spring seat, - 5.00 

No. 253, Rocker, round post, oval top, spindle back, 
spring seat, Antique Oak, Golden Birch, or Solid 
Mahogany, upholstered in the best grade of Silk 
Velours and Silk Tapestries, - 9.00 

For Leather add $1.50. 

These are only a few of our new styles, but we expect soon to 
have our catalogue out giving full descriptions and prices. We 
hope that you will be pleased with the line, and give us a large 
order, which we assure you shall have our prompt and careful 
attention. 

Respectfully yours, 

The Keokuk Chaik Co. 

IV. 

Messrs. J. W. Bartlett & Co., San Francisco, Cal. 

Gentlemen : — We ship you to-day your order of k. d. chairs in the 



56 BUSINESS LETTERS. 

white. Each chair has been put together by our chairmakers, and 
each piece carefully numbered. We also ship you k. d. the rockers 
ordered at the Rapids. There are seven boxes. These rockers are 
well finished, and we trust will reach you in good shape. Each 
chair has been carefully inspected by our manager himself, in 
order that there may be no imperfect goods sent you. 

In answer to your inquiry concerning our leading diner, the No. 
362, will say that it is a square-top diner, with square posts, a 
sawed panel in the back, box seat, with or without springs in the 
seat. The top is made of the finest quarter-sawed oak. We have 
been unable to fill all our orders for this chair, but hope to do so in 
the immediate future. We have given our foreman of the wood- 
working department orders for 500 to be sent through as rapidly as 
possible. The chairmakers had a lot of 300 sent up to them yes- 
terday. These will go through the finishing room as rapidly as 
possible, and still have the finish up to our standard. We have 
the arm, or host's, chair to match, and can send them to you in 
white, or finished, k. d., as you choose. Could you not use about 
six dozen of these diners with the arm chairs to match ? They sell 
at $21.00 per dozen in leather, pad seat, and $24 00 per dozen 
with springs. Arm chairs, with pad seat, $3.00 each, and with 
springs, $3.25. 

Trusting that your goods may arrive in good condition, and hop- 
ing that we may receive your further orders, we remain, 
Yours respectfully, 

SCHWAEZWAELDEE & SAUEEWEIN. 



James Dunning, Esq., Burton, Ohio. 

Deae Sie: — We have your favor of the 23d, and in reply would 
say that we do not make double cane seats, nor do we know of any 
one who does that work. We put all our cane seats in now with a 
splan, as we find that seats put iD in this way are much less apt to 
sag than those which are made by hand. We formerly had all our 
cane seating done by hand, sending the work out to people in the 
village, but found that we could not get in a sufficient number of 
seats at a time to make a success of it. Should you wish to have 
some of your chairs reseated, we will give you the names of some of 
the people who used to do that work for us. We do not have the 
cane for sale, as we now buy all our seats ready woven, but would 
refer you to the James Hardin Company, of Benton Harbor, Mich., 



BUSINESS LETTERS. 57 

where we feel sure that you will be able to get the kind of cane you 
desire. The binding cane is much wider and heavier and is higher 
priced 

Answering your inquiry regarding the prices on our cane seat 
diners, we quote you as follows: 

No. 211, Antique, or Imitation of Mahogany, round post, 

bent back post, wide top, panel back, Cane, each, - $1.50 

No. 211^, Arm chair, to match, 2.00 

No. 278, Round post, oval top, Antique, Ox-blood or 

Dresden Oak, Cane seat, each 2.00 

No. 278^, Head chair, to match, with arms, Cane, - 2.75 

These cane seat diners have been having a great sale, especially 
in antique. The tops are handsomely quarter-sawed, with laid-on 
carvings. 

Hoping that we may be favored with your future orders, we are, 

Yours truly, 

VI. 

Messrs. Holzwasser & Holzenhauser, Molineux, III. 

Gentlemen : — We ship you to-day by express one No. 362 antique 
oak diner, upholstered in No. 77 leather, as a sample, and hope 
that we may be favored with your order for five dozen of these diners, 
which you mention in your favor of the 3d inst. 

In regard to the " S" or shell backs, we will say that we make 
them in plush, tapestry, or broca telle, but do not make them in 
leather for the reason that the leather is too stiff and unyielding to 
allow the cardboard to stay in place on the back of the shell. Those 
which have been made in leather have not proved satisfactory, and 
we would prefer not to make any in leather. Still, should you 
insist upon it, we will make two for you, as you request. The shell 
backs are usually put in the backs of the upholstered chairs, and 
are made of materials to match the seat , i. e., a tapestry seat, and 
a plush back , but if desired, we sell them separately, and make 
them of whatever material you wish, charging 75c. for the shell 
back. We have the " B " backs also in plush and tapestry, should 
you prefer that style. 

We have the Pantasote leather. Many of our customers prefer 
it to the real leather, especially those in the gas regions, as the gas 
takes the life of the leather, leaving it dull, while it does not affect 
the Pantasote at all. In appearance it is materially the same, and 
only an expert can tell the difference. 



58 BUSINESS LETTERS. 

Hoping that this information may be of benefit to you, and 
also that we may be favored with your order for diners, we 
remain, 

Respectfully yours, 

The Logansport Chair Co. 

VII. 

Messrs. Banks & Berhalter, Shelby, Mo, 

Gentlemen: — Your letter requesting us to send you a front post 
for No. 239 was received some time ago, but as you neglected to say 
whether the post was to be of oak or maple, we have not yet been 
able to forward it to you. We wrote you a card some time ago in 
regard to it, but have received no reply. If you will kindly give us 
the necessary information, we will see that it goes forward at once. 

We send you to-day by mail, under arm pillar for No. 542 solid 
mahogany, wood seat, and three antique oak back spindles for the 
No. 333 which you say came broken. This must be the fault of the 
railroad company, as every chair undergoes a severe inspection 
before it is sent to the wrapping department. 

We regret to note that No. 541 Dresden oak rocker was sent 
to you upholstered in No 75 leather, instead of No. 77, as ordered. 
We have looked up the order, and it reads as follows: " 1 No. 
541 Dresden, No. 77 leather," so it must be a mistake on the 
part of the foreman in our upholstering department. We will call 
his attention to it, and see that such a mistake does not again occur. 
Would it not be possible for you to keep this chair and sell it (which 
you will undoubtedly be able to do soon, as it is a good seller) and 
pay us for it when sold? We dislike to have the chair returned, as 
the freight amounts to nearly the price of the chair. If you feel 
that you cannot keep it unless at a reduction from the regular price, 
we would be willing to pay the freight on it. 

Hoping that you will conclude to keep the rocker, we are, 

Yours truly, 

The Stuegis Chair Co. 

MARINE CONSTRUCTION. 

Daytona, Florida, April 17, 1899. 
Mr. Y. Q. Lorillard, Lochloosa, Florida. 

Dear Sir : — Answering your letter concerning machinery for 
the new side-wheel steamer we are building for you, we beg leave 
to say : 



BUSINESS LETTERS. 59 

The engine is to be 24 in. diameter of cylinder by 60 in. stroke, 
fitted with Corliss valve gear with cut-off adjustible by hand. 
Cylinder to be fitted with cast lugs on each side, extending entire 
length of cylinder on center line, and the full width of frame. 
Frame to consist of ^-in. web plate, riveted between keelsons on 
bottom and between two 4 x 4 x ^ in. tees on top. On top of tees 
to be riveted 1 x 8 in. iron plate, full length of frame from rear end 
of cylinder to bulkhead forward of shaft. Cylinder to be bolted 
through this plate and angles on each side. Guides are to be 
double, hollow cylindrical rods, supported by cylinder head and 
steel cast bridge spanning frames at forward end. Cross-head to 
be steel casting, hung below guides. Connecting rod to be hollow, 
of oval section , with finished ends and painted center. Piston to 
be of steel, dished, and with 7 in. face, and four cast-iron snap 
rings. Cranks to be of steel castings, crank pin 5 in. diameter, 
with 6 in. long bearing, keyed into solid crank, with taper fit and 
drag crank fitted with brass chock blocks. Shaft to be 7 in. diam- 
eter steel. 

Other than as above described, the engine will be similar to the 
one on the old steamer "Kissimmee." 

Trusting that we have satisfactorily answered your queries, we 
are, 

Very truly yours, 

Bkowning & Co. 

IX. 

Gentlemen: — Please enter our order for two rawhide pinions as 
follows : §y 2 in. face, 14 teeth, 3 in. circumferential pitch, which 
would make the pitch diameter a little under 14 in. — to be shrouded 
on both sides with brass, bored to fit 2^ in. shaft. Teeth to be 
epicycloidal form. 

Also, will you quote us your best price for two cast iron cut gears 

5 in. face, 30 teeth, 2^ in. bore? These gears are to run with the 
rawhide pinion ordered above. Also, quote us on two pairs of 
bronze (8 parts copper to 1 tin) bevel gears ; pinion to be 14 teeth, 

6 in. face, 3)4 in. pitch, 2^ in. bore ; gear to be 53 teeth, 6 in. 
face, 3}4 i n - pitch and 4^ in. bore, with 6 in. depth of hub. 
Hub to be flush on back side of gear, projection, to be on face side. 
Pinion to have hub same depth as face, flush with bottom of teeth 
on small end. Gear to be 6 in., arm one foot. 

Please give us your very best figures on these gears and as low a 



60 BUSINESS LETTERS. 

figure as possible on the rawhide pinions. We should prefer to 
have you make the remainder of the gears, as you are making the 
pinions, and we trust you will take this into consideration in mak- 
ing us a close quotation, 

Very respectfully yours, 



Mr. Louis C. Comstock, Puerto Cortez, Spanish Honduras. 

Deae Sie : — We beg leave to acknowledge receipt of your valued 
letter of the 3d instant relative to purchase of launch. We can 
build you a steam launch which we believe will comply with your 
requirements. We have figured on a design of hull similar to sev- 
eral others we have built, a blue print of which is enclosed. This 
model is what is termed "Dory bottom Skipjack," and would be 
about 40 feet over all in length, 9 feet beam and about 4 feet in 
depth by ±]/ 2 feet deep amidships. In combining light draught, 
seaworthiness, and strength this model has proven eminently suc- 
cessful. 

For towing purposes we would suggest the following machinery : 
side furnace Scotch or Clyde boiler 54 in. in diameter by 48 in. in 
length of furnace and flues with bolted front and back connections. 
For a single engine to accompany this, we would recommend a 7x7 
driving a 33 in. wheel with the draught of water limited to 42 in., 
loaded. This 33 in. wheel would permit its being placed further 
below the surface than a larger one, and more pulling power could 
be developed by increasing the speed ; for the larger wheel would 
break the surface of the water and suck down the air while in pro- 
cess of towing. The boat would have to be decked forward and aft 
with a washboard alongside, and be closed in around the machinery 
and boiler in a manner similar to the sketch enclosed. The cost 
of this boat would be $1,850. A keel condenser of brass pipe would 
cost $50. more. 

Awaiting your further valued correspondence, and trusting this 
may receive your favorable consideration, we are, 
Truly yours, 

Pateick Bookstavee & Beothee. 

XI. 

E. D. Stockwell, Esq., Fort Meyers, Florida. 

Deae Sie : — Referring to your inquiry of the 7th ultimo for special 
cylinder for inclined side-wheel engine, 24 in. bore by 60 in. stroke, 



BUSINESS LETTERS. 61 

we would say that we can make you a cylinder especially designed 
for this purpose, and, in a general way, complying with the blue 
print you mailed us. We should have to make new patterns of the 
cylinder bonnets, wrist plates, and stand, but could use our stand- 
ard valve gear. This valve gear is to be equipped with a hand set 
cut-off mechanism. Should you decide to have us build this cylin- 
der, we should, of course, need considerably more information as to 
the construction of the girders on which the cylinder rests, so that 
we might be able to judge as to where to locate the dash pots and 
other minor details. Therefore we would suggest that the copper 
pipes be located somewhat as they are shown on the inclosed 
sketch, as it will allow of easier nttting. 

Concerning the cost, we can furnish you a cylinder, valve gear, 
valves, dash-pots, and hand set cut-off mechanism for the sum of 
fifteen hundred dollars, f. o. b. our shops. The above price does 
not include cylinder heads, piston, or the copper pipes. 

Trusting our proposition may receive your favorable considera- 
tion, we remain, 

Yours truly, 

XII. 

Mr. Grantham B. Fozzard, Ocklawaha Station, Florida. 

Deae Sir : — Pursuant to your valued order just received, we are 
shipping you by fast freight the following : 



2 — 1)4 in- unions 

3 — 6 in. iron body globe valves 

2 — 2 in. elbows 

1 — 2]in. nipple 

1— y % in. plug 

1 — 2 in. coupling 

1—2 in. pipe, 3^ feet long 

threaded one end 
2 — ^-pint lubricators 
2—1 pint sight-feed lubricators 
1 — 1 in. check valve 



1 — 3 in. pop-valve spring 

l—% in. to j/ s in. reducer 

5 lbs. % in. hexagon nuts 

1 — i in. Jenkins's valve 

1 — 3 in. close nipple 

1 spring for 2 in. Crosby pop 

valve 
300 — % in. machine bolts 
50 lbs. y%*}& round head riv- 
ets 
50 lbs. }& flat head rivets 

and one wrought iron pully 54 in. diameter, 15 in. face, 3—7-16 in. 
bore, crown faced, all of which is evidenced by shipping receipt 
now handed you. 

We could not ship you the tubes, for the reason that we carry 
only the best quality of charcoal iron boiler tubes. We can place 



62 BUSINESS LETTERS. 

your order at the North, if you can wait about ten days loDger. 
You would find that you would never have cause to regret purchas- 
ing the charcoal iron flues which are used altogether in this section 
of the country. It has been our experience that the Florida water 
is very hard on tubes, and the highest priced ones are really 
the cheapest in the end. We cannot quote you on flues for the 
reason that the market in this line just now is so excited that ere 
you receive the quotation it will be changed. We can secure you a 
price by wire, if you like. 

Yours very truly, 

Armour Iron & Steel Company. 

xiii. 

Drysdell Pump Co. , Detroit, Mich. 

Gentlemen : — We are building for the East Line Steamship Co. 
a side-wheel passenger steamer of about 300 tons, and are planning 
to use a complete outfit of your pumps about as follows : 

A steel air pump, 6*^ in. x 10 in. x 12 in., "Burnham." 

Feed pump, 5 in. x 3 in. x 4 in., Moore, " B G " (" Altha "). 

Toilet pump, 4^ in. x 4^ in. x 8 in., Moore low duty ("Bel- 
mont "). 

Fire pump, 8*4 in. x 4^ in. x 10 in., " Burnham " (" Imlay "). 

Engine 24 x 60, inclined, with Corliss cut-off, 100 lbs. steam, 40 
revolutions, surface condenser. We shall not need these pumps 
for several months — say about September 1st— but write to submit 
sizes required, and to ask if you have any suggestions to offer in 
regard to the suitability of the pumps for the purposes mentioned? 
We have made the air pump 6^ x 10 x 12 instead of 10 x 10 as shown 
in catalogue, and ask if you make that size ? Also, if you consider 
these pumps suitable for purposes required, that you will send us 
drawings showing size of pumps, etc., that we may make suitable 
arrangements in placing machinery to accommodate them. 

Yours very truly, 

XIV. 

Panasqffkee Yellow Pine and Cypress Co. , Panasoffkee, Florida. 

Gentlemen :— Replying to your favor of the 10th instant, we beg 
leave to quote you for the sum of $250.00 the boiler as follows : 

Upright marine boiler, 5 feet high by three feet diameter with 
2-inch tubes, with stack ; grate bars ; ash pan ; steam gauge ; pop 
valve ; gauge glass ; cocks, feed, check and blow-off valves, com- 



BUSINESS LETTERS. 63 

plete, f . o. b. cars this city. Providing we can get returns from Gov- 
ernment test of material promptly, we can deliver this in two or 
three weeks. Should you order, please advise us as to the name of 
the boat, her owner, and on what waters she is to run. This infor* 
mation has to be given to the Government in order to get the 
material tested. The size of the boiler we have quoted is one 
which we have used with 5x5 and 6x6 engine, and it developed 
16 to 18-horse power. 

About the dredge machinery, we should certainly be very glad to 
figure on same, but, before doing so, should like a little more infor- 
mation. Do you wish a surface condenser outfit, or will she be 
without a condenser ? If the dredging work is of soft and loose 
material, a swinging drag suction will work well, but if the bottom 
is hard a regular agitation will be required. As soon as we are 
favored with your reply, an estimate will be promptly furnished 
you. 

We are anxiously waiting to hear from our bid on the boilers 
for the steamer " Cresent." We made a very close figure on this, 
and see no reason why the job should not be awarded us. Trusting 
you will use your influence in our behalf, we are 

Very truly yours, 

Marine Kail way Co. 

XV. 

Messrs. Waimwight & Cockrell, Eu Gallie, Florida. 

Gentlemen : Further concerning our specifications submitted in 
our last, we will furnish the boiler quoted for $1,500, with the fol- 
lowing changes : 

Furnace to be built in four sections, of 7-16 in. flange steel, joined 
by Adamson ring joints, made in accordance with section 15 of rule 
11 of general rules and regulations as prescribed by the Board of 
Supervising Inspectors at page 30, issued January, 1896. The 
longitudinal seams will be triple riveted ; round-about seams 
double riveted with % rivets. Heads to have standard machine 
turned flanges. Heads to be braced by steel rod stays with fork 
ends pinned to double angle stiffening bars riveted to inside of 
head Other than hereinabove stated, the boiler will be the same 
as described in our previous letter. This modified boiler to con- 
form in all respects to the United States Inspection Laws and rules 
for Marine boilers, and to be subject to inspection while under con- 
struction in our shops, and to be tested and made tight, before 
leaving, under 175 lbs. hydrostatic pressure. 



64 BUSINESS LETTERS. 

Evaporator to be same style and construction as No. 2 Baird, 
type C, but with no Garfield injector in place of brine pump. 

In lieu of Baird distiller, to have tubular surface condenser with 
wrought iron shell, cast-iron head, composition tube plates and 
brass condenser tubes tinned inside and out, packed with vulcan- 
ized fibre ferrules. 

Trusting that these changes will meet your approval, and that 
you will instruct us to go ahead with the work, we are, 

Very truly yours, 

XVI. 

Messrs. E. S. Etheridge & Co., Key West, Florida. 

Dear Sirs : — The writer must apologize for not having sub- 
mitted this estimate earlier, and in extenuation would say that the 
arrival of a large amount of material on a demurrage contract, to- 
gether with the absence of one of his associates, has demanded his 
undivided attention. 

We have figured on the four dryers similar to the last we built 
for you, with everything complete, including exhaust fan and hot- 
air jackets, up to, but not including, countershafts, and one inter- 
nal furnace boiler 6 feet in diameter, 12 feet length of furnace, and 
14 feet 8 inches over all, for 100 pounds of steam. This will have 
an actual steaming capacity of 75-horse power. 

Stack, grate bars and all fittings and fixtures, including fire-brick 
lining for back connection will also be a part of the contract. We 
can make this boiler f . o. b. here for $875. The four dryers would 
be $2,500. We are rushing our entire force on the boiler mentioned 
in our previous letter, and, if you give us this order within the next 
seven or eight days, we shall be prepared to do the work with dis- 
patch. 

Yours very respectfully, 

Woodward & Murphy Machinery Co. 

ELECTRICAL. CONSTRUCTION. 

Mr. Henry F. McClellan, Providence, R. I. 

Dear Sir : — We have an order from you calling for 100 alter- 
nating-current arc lamps. You have not given us very definite 
instructions, and we shall have to ask you one or two questions be- 
fore we can proceed intelligently to fill your order. 

You say nothing about the style of ornamentation that you wish, 
nor whether you want japanned or copper jackets. Also kindly 



BUSINESS LETTERS. 65 

inform us as to whether we shall use the twin dash-pot or the 
single dash-pot, and whether graphite or German silver? We pre- 
sume you want them to be weather-proof, although you do not say 
so in your order. 

Please give us detailed instructions regarding these lamps, tak- 
ing in all the points above mentioned and any others that you 
are desirous of bringing up. We are somewhat behind on lamps 
just at present, owing to the engineers changing the design of our 
dash-pots. This has held us up for about two weeks, but the ques- 
tion has been definitely settled now and the hold-up released, so 
that we do not now anticipate any more difficulty as soon as we can 
catch up with our shipping orders on these lamps. 

In your letter of the 10th you ask us as to the price of 20 fan 
blades, not complete fans, and also 20 wire gauges. We might 
read this as meaning 20 blades alone, or 20. sets of blades. We pre- 
sume you mean the latter, as this would agree with the wire 
gauges mentioned. Will you please advise if we are not correct. 
We will look the matter up and give you the cost of 20 sets of 
blades and 20 wire gauges, assuming that this is what you want. 

Yours truly, 

Jones, Faequhak & Co. 
xvin. 

Messi^s. Carter, Urquahart & Co., Boston, Mass. 

Gentlemen : — We have the following order from you, given us 
about six months ago, and which has been on our files ever since : 

25 3168-4320 enclosed arc lamps, 60 cycles, 112 volts, opal inner 
and clear outer globes. 

74 3187-4321 single globe enclosed arc lamps, with opal inner 
globes and porcelain reflectors. 

25 light opal ball globes, with suspension chains for 3420 lamp. 

A notice of change on above order, dated April 1st, states that 
the order is to be changed so that these lamps are to be shipped 
to the Norwalk Company. The remainder of the order to be 
shipped according to original instructions. 

We were first told to rush this order through with all speed. 
We sent out notices to all our foremen, telling them the urgen- 
cy of the case, and commenced work on them. In about a week 
we received a notice from you, saying that you were in no 
hurry, and that we might extend our time a month or so if we 
wished regarding delivery of this order, We accordingly slowed 
up, but still kept at work on the order, and had it about half com- 



66 BUSINESS LETTERS. 

pleted, when we again received notice from you not to ship until noti- 
fied, and asking us to stop work just where we were for the pres- 
ent on these lamps. We then placed your order on file, where it 
has since remained. We would ask you to be so good as either to 
cancel your order at once, or else send us instructions to go ahead 
and fill the remainder of it. We have a lot of these old orders on 
our files, and we desire either to cancel them or finish them up, so 
that we may dispose of the material which we have on hand by 
either sending it out on these orders or applying it on some other 
order. We are badly cramped for room just now, and do not want 
to hold material for orders that are practically dead. Kindly advise 
us by return mail what we shall do, and oblige, 

Yours truly, 

Cotton Electric Light Co. 

XIX. 

Messrs. Marston, Healey & Co., Philadelphia, Pa. 

Gentlemen : — Replying to you favor of the 6th, in which you ask 
us among other things to advise you concerning the amount of work 
necessary to be done in order to convert the arc lamps which you 
bought from us a long while ago into modern style lamps we would 
say that this matter has been referred to our engineers, and their 
comments on the matter are as follows : 

"Lamps should have new carbon tube, new upper holder and 
clutch, connecting cables, suspension ring and insulator, and ball 
ornaments with globe ring. They should also be fitted with new 
weather-proof top to bring them up to date ; also new re-active coil, 
and new upper casting for mechanism support. These latter, how- 
ever, are not essential to put the lamps in good working condition. 
Lamps should also be fitted with twin dash-pots." 

You will see by this report that considerable work is necessary to 
put them into the condition which you desire, but we will start 
work on them immediately if you so advise. 

Regarding your order for astatic instruments, we are hurrying 
this all possible, and hope to ship them on time. The ammeters 
will probably go to test on Monday, and the voltmeter the follow- 
ing Wednesday. If they test outO. K., we will ship them by ex- 
press as per your request. We have worked overtime on these, as 
we realized the urgency of the case. We were held up a day or 
two for No. .067 wire, but have since received it and everything 
seems to be 0. K. at present. 

We have no field coils in stock for the apparatus you mention, 



BUSINESS LETTERS. 6? 

but can readily wind some for you, as we have the necessary 
specifications and engineering data. It would be well to place your 
order now, so that we can ship them back to you in the next car- 
load west. 

Yours truly, 

Pateeson & Company. 

XX. 

F. H. Jones, Esq., New Orleans, La. 

Deae Sie : — We have your letter of recent date inquiring as to 
the condition of your order for 150 motors to be shipped to the 
Naumkeag Street Eailway Company. We will endeavor to go some- 
what into the details of the matter, and give you as concise a state- 
ment as is possible on the subject. 

We have sent instructions into the factory for frames, linings, and 
all the necessary parts that we make ; also for the assembling, 
testing, and stocking. We are delayed considerably on account of 
not getting our malleable iron castings, and unless we get them 
soon we shall use number 8 metal instead. The patterns are not 
very complex. The bolts, nuts, and other material that we are 
obliged to order from outside, almost always cause us more or less 
difficulty. We have placed the necessary orders, and are hurrying 
the matter all we can, but these articles are coming in very slowly, 
and the manufacturers are very reluctant about promising them to 
us at a given time. We have a few castings on hand — perhaps 
twenty-five. We are machining these, and will push them through 
with all speed. 

Our foundry is very much pressed with work just at present, and 
because of this we are greatly delayed in securing the necessary 
castings. We started up another furnace last week, but we are so 
far behind our shipping orders that it will take us at least a month to 
catch up, and possibly longer. We have a night gang on at present, 
and are doing our very best, but are working under many diffi- 
culties. 

We think we can get out the necessary gears and pinions on time, 
although the gears may bother us a trifle, as they are a special de- 
sign and not our standard. Summing up everything, we would say 
that we have gone over the matter carefully, and believe we shall 
be able to get these all out by the last of this month, or the middle 
of next — shipping them as fast as they go to stock. 

Yours truly, 



68 BUSINESS LETTERS. 

XXI. 

Messrs. Hodgkins, Kimball & Co., Louisville, Ky. 

Gentleman : — We have recently received an order from you for 
the following material : 

2-15 kilowatt, 520-230-115, Volt-transformers. 

8 — Cutouts and fuses, 5 amperes. 

1 — Monocycle-meter, No. 8 finish. 

5 — 60 cycle, 101 volt, type L, Fan-motors — 3 to be 2-speed solid 
frame and 2 to be 2-speed trunnion frame, — all to have black enamel 
finish and metal fan blades. 

We have the cutouts and fuses in stock at the present time. The 
transformers we shall have to take considerable time on, as we 
cannot readily get our castings from the foundry. We will rush 
things all possible, however, and hope to overcome our present 
difficulties as soon as possible. We will ship the necessary oil, 
hooks, and switches with the apparatus. Our engineers have 
recently changed the design of the tank somewhat ; but this will 
not cause us any great delay. The foreman of our meter room 
advises us that the monocycle meter will be ready for shipment in 
good season to accompany the remainder of order. 

Owing to the great demand for fan motors just at present, we are 
crowded to our utmost capacity in this department. However, we 
will work Saturday afternoons and one or two evenings per week 
hereafter, and on this basis we hope to be able nearly to catch up 
with our rapidly increasing orders before long. Considering the 
drawbacks we have experienced in filling your order and also our 
present congested conditions, we will make you a fairly quick ship- 
ment on this order, getting it off in the car leaving this factory the 
30th, if no unforeseen difficulties arise to hinder us further. Trust- 
ing that this will meet with your approval, we remain, 
Yours truly, 

Meekitt & Sands. 

XXII. 

Mr. Frank H. Cross, Boston, Mass. 

Dear Sir :■ — Referring to our telephone conversation in which you 
gave us an order for 325 GE-756 steel gears, 69 tooth, 4-inch bore, we 
beg to advise you that we have about 40 of these gears that we 
could ship you immediately if necessary. We, however, beg to 
state further that we have to-day received orders for something like 
600 of these gears, — 400 of which are for foreign shipment, and the 



BUSINESS LETTERS. 69 

other 200 for domestic shipment. For this reason we should like to 
have you give us the minimum amount per week required by you as 
regards delivery of these. 

We are running our gear plant night and day at present, but 
of course we cannot expect to keep pace with these extensive orders, 
having received orders for 1,000 within a week, all of the same 
kind. In case of emergency we have about 200 3^ inch gears which 
could be bored out ; but this is expensive and undesirable, and be- 
sides these are good stock, and it would be very foolish from an 
economical standpoint to do this unless absolutely necessary. We 
shall try to fill your order as promptly as possible, and, as above 
suggested, would ask you to advise us by return mail how many 
you actually need per week, so that we can give you as small ship- 
ments as possible each week for the next two or three weeks. By 
the end of that time we expect to be able to take care of the re- 
mainder of your order without any trouble. We have already given 
our shippers instructions as to where to deliver the goods, etc., and 
are only waiting to hear from you again before we ship the 40 gears 
mentioned above which we have on hand at present. 

Yours truly, 

Beiggs Electeic Co. 
XXIII. 

Messrs. French, Burnham & Co., Gates Ave., St. Louis, Mo. 

Gentlemen : — Referring to my letter of the 24th of March, 
wherein I stated some of the reasons why we should not be able to 
ship your order by April 15th, you will find that under item 4th I 
mentioned the fact that unless the Pepperell Company could fur- 
nish us with KG controllers without delay these would become a 
limiting feature in our production of this apparatus. The Pep- 
perell Company have advised us that they are unable to furnish us 
with these controllers quickly, and we think perhaps it would be 
well to allow them to make direct shipment to you as soon as they 
are able, and allow us to make shipment of our part of the order 
at the same time from here, as it will save time. This inability to 
get controllers will, according to their advices, delay your order as a 
whole, until the middle of next month, although we could probably 
ship our part of it in two weeks at latest. 

Would state that we have not yet been advised regarding the size 
of axle. Please see that we are informed promptly, and that the 
matter is not allowed to drag. Unless you attend to this we cannot 
be responsible for making shipment at any given time. 



70 BUSINESS LETTEKS. 

In your letter of the 27th ult., you stated that you have already 
placed a requisition calling for five gears and pinions from cata- 
logue number 879. We have all we can attend to in our gear de- 
partment, and you may be obliged to wait a few days over the time 
that we promised these to you ; but we will see that they are shipped 
as early as possible. Please send us definite shipping instructions 
for these. 

Yours truly, 

Nobthekn Electric Co. 

XXIV. 

Messrs. White, Coolcdt Co., 38 Broad St., Chicago. 

Gentlemen : — Your favor of the 1st inst. received in regard to fan 
motor parts which you ordered several weeks ago. We beg to in- 
form you that we cannot make you a complete shipment at once, but 
will do the best we can. There are 30-100 volt, and 25-104 volt, 
which will go to test to-morrow, less armatures. We have been 
delayed on the armatures through a lack of rivets. These were 
ordered from another company and were unfortunately sent by 
freight, although we ordered them sent by express. The engineer- 
ing specifications were a long while in getting to the shop, so that 
this has delayed us in no small measure. We will soon send some 
of them to stock, however, and will make you a shipment without 
the armatures, sending them along later as soon as the rivets come 
in and we can finish them up. 

We have experienced some little difiiculty also in the fact that the 
fan on these moters was found to hit the base when it was inclined 
to its full extent. In order to obviate this trouble, it was found 
necessary to put a lug on the frame of the motor for the fan to 
to strike against. We were also held up for a day or so on wooden 
fan blades ; but considering the difficulties we have encountered, 
we think we have made remarkably good time in getting these out. 

We understand that you are thinking of ordering some railway 
motors in a short time, and have asked our Production Department 
for a promise on these, providing you should place such an order. 
We should be glad to receive an order for such apparatus as you may 
need, and we feel sure we can give you as prompt delivery as any 
concern manufacturing these motors. We have a large stock of 
parts on hand above our present orders, and should probably ex- 
perience no difiiculty in getting them off quickly. 

If you will return the commutator you spoke of in yonr recent 
letter, we will allow you what it is worth. If we cannot use it, we 



BUSINESS LETTERS. 71 

will scrap it, allowing you scrap value ; but we think we can proba- 
bly find a use for it in our other work. 

Yours truly, 

Hilton, Page & Co. 

XXV. 

Wm. R. Brown, Esq., Louisville, Ky. 

Dear Sir : — Referring to requisition F-13502, I understand that 
you claim the voltages are not correct for the constant-current 
transformers, and that at any rate, there is a question concerning 
them. 

Sometime ago you wired us about this requistion, and I advised 
you that we should ship it four or five weeks after it was definitely 
settled that these were 1}4. ampere transformers. The voltage 
question did not come up at all at that time. I am pressing the 
engineering department and factory to keep them up to the prom- 
ise, but such a tremendous lot of special work has come into the 
engineering department since you placed this order, that the speci- 
fications have not yet been written, although we hope to do this 
between to-day and the middle of the week. This, however, does 
not leave us time enough to get the transformers out, and ship the 
12th of this month as expected. It will be nearer the 20th before' 
shipment can be made. We are preparing this requisition just 
as it reads, and if there is any further change to be made, we 
shall expect to receive a wire from you to this effect before Mon- 
day morning, or we shall make extra charge for the change. 

In this connection we should like to ask if there is anything 
which would make it imperative that we deliver these goods at 
about the time promised? If it is not a very urgent matter, we 
should like very much to have an extension of about a month, as 
we think it almost impossible to ship these anywhere near the 
time stated, owing to the reasons mentioned above. However, 
unless you can release us from our promise, we shall work over- 
time and do our utmost to get them ofT quickly. We understand 
that these are to be asphaltum treated, although you do not so state 
in your order. If we are not correct in our supposition, please ad- 
vise us by wire. 

Yours truly, 

XXVI. 

Mr. J. H. Sanderson, Sandusky, Ohio. 
Dear Sir : — We have received yours of the 8th inst., inquiring as 



72 BUSINESS LETTERS. 

to when we can ship you two J^-horse power motors form A, and 
one ^-horse power form L. We beg to advise you that owing to 
the fact that these are new styles of motors, we shall not be able to 
make delivery to you of these motors for about four weeks. Your 
order was only recently received, and we have many other requisi- 
tions in ahead of it. Below I give you a shop detail of our progress 
on these motors, so that you may appreciate better our conditions. 

On the ^ -horse power, form A, known as the low-frequency hanu- 
starting, 110 volts, we have 100 motors due on orders. The parts 
armatures, frames, coils, fields, commutators etc., are coming for- 
ward, so that we hope to test out and stock three per day, commenc- 
ing day after to-morrow. We shall reserve live of these for specie 
winding anticipated on future requisitions. 

The form L high-frequency self-starting, we have got into pre 
duction fairly well, and we will push them through at the rate 6\ 
four per day beginning to-morrow. We anticipate no trouble in 
the mechanical parts, unless our iron becomes a limiting feature. 
The assembling and testing will be rushed as much as possible, anu 
shippers have made special arrangements to get these off as rapidly 
as they are stocked. 

We will fill your order just as quickly as possible, and we trust you 
will not be greatly inconvenienced by the absolutely unavoidable 
delay. If, however, you are in urgent need of these motors, and 
will wire us to this effect, we will arrange to make part shipment 
of two motors, one of each style, in two weeks from to-day. 

Yours truly, 

IKON. 

Gentlemen : — We are in receipt of your statement of ore on 
hand, and note that you are so crowded for room that it will be dif- 
ficult to find a place for the ore that is now coming forward ; and 
that you think we should arrange to dock it until later in the sea- 
son. 

In addition to what is now coming down, there will be a lot of 
Missabe, Clifford, and Bed Lake that will have to be provided for 
by the first of July. We do not want to over-stock you, but it is 
better to be in that condition than as we were a few years since, 
when the furnaces had to be closed down for the lack of ore. I do 
not think you will have to make provision for over thirty or forty 
thousand tons before the middle of June, but thereafter the ton- 
nage will be as high as 10,000 per week until late in August. This 
condition may extend into September. 



BUSINESS LETTERS. 73 

We wired you about not taking forward too much Biwabik ore 
at Sardinia furnace, fearing you might leave Pomeroy short, and 
force them into using a dangerous amount of Missabe. Please keep 
close watch of this, as we do not want to have any accidents with a 
market such as we have to-day. We notice that the Aleck will run 
out next week. Please put on Major in its place. It might be 
well when you commence using Biwabik and Palmer at Pomeroy to 
reduce the amount of Major to about one-eight. This will use up 
all that ore in ten days, and give you a bin into which to put some 
of the other grades now coming down. 

We shall be glad to hear from you promptly as to how much to 
get forward from Escanaba ; with any other information of inter- 
est. 

Yours truly, 

Warwick Foundry Co. 



XXVIII. 

B. G. Trago, Agt., Cuyahoga Falls. 

Dear Sir :— We shall want you to go to Martin's Ferry this week 
to straighten out those people on the matter of shortage which they 
claim on the last shipments of mill iron. We weighed these ship- 
ments in our usual careful manner, and have the scale-beam regis- 
ter cards to show that there was no error made in transferring the 
weights to the invoices. We trust you will be able to hx up with 
them without any allowance, or at least a small one. 

Washington is in the market for one thousand tons of small 
rounds, so that it will be best to see them by the middle of the 
week. Their last contract was for 500 tons at $1.35, half extras, 
Western card, delivered at their works. You should have at least 
$1.60 on the National card now. 

Pennsylvania is also raising its usual howl about scale on the flats 
we are sending them ; and in their last insisted that our shipment 
of the 31st ult. was extremely bad. They say there was not only 
scale on the bars, but that some of them had bad streaks of clay. 
It is the same old trouble in their own works, we suppose ; but 
we want you to try to smooth the matter up as best you can. They 
are large buyers and must be conciliated so long as they show any 
reason at all. 

There will be a new mill started at Beaver soon, and you had 
better take in that place on your round next week. If they are 



74 BUSINESS LETTERS. 

all right financially, sell them if possible, on thirty days, but if not, 
try to do something with them on cash sight-draft basis. 

Yours truly, 

XXIX. 

Oxmook, Ala., Oct. 4, 1899. 

Gentlemen : — We are in receipt of yours of the 9th inst. and note 
what you say about casting machines. As soon as you have gone 
into the matter fully we hope to hear from you. We do not, how- 
ever, know of any better machine than the Eehling. This machine, 
as you know, has been most thoroughly tested, and is now used at 
all the leading plants The first expense is somewhat higher, but 
we are sure you will get that all back after using the machine a 
short time. 

We note what you say about the Gomer- Jackson, and are glad 
that you insisted on taking forward enough sand, so that they would 
not be in danger of stopping. We cannot afford to stop these cupo- 
las for w r ant of material. 

Old No. 1 seems to be doing better this week ; but the Dominion, 
you know as well as I, is hanging on the ragged edge, having been 
in blast for some three and a half years now. We have ordered 
forward about twenty thousand tons of old hematite ore to bridge 
out until the new ore comes down. The schooner "Geneva" is 
now at Ashtabula with a cargo of blue ore, but it has been delayed 
in unloading. We have telegraphed them that we think they 
should take it to Toledo, where it was originally consigned, to be 
unloaded. We shall save about twenty-five cents per ton by hav- 
ing it unloaded there. 

We note in your former letter that you expect soon to be in Ox- 
moor. Perhaps it would be best to come at once ; and while here 
we can go to Philadelphia and look over the engine question with 
Southwark. We are in position to set these engines at any time 
now, and the longer the matter is delayed the worse we are off. 

Some one should go to Pulaski, before the lease on that prop- 
erty expires, to see that our rights are properly protected. 

Yours truly, 

Daniel Hofmeyer. 

XXX. 

Galesbueg, Pa., Oct. 8, 1899. 
Messrs. Mazet & Bhinelander, Altoona, Pa. 

Gentlemen : — We wish you would send us, just as soon as pos- 



BUSINESS LETTERS. 75 

sible, a copy of the Rosena lease, so that we may know our exact 
rights in the matter at the time the furnace is turned over. 

We wish that you would wire us each morning the exact number 
of tons of slabs made at the iron plant, and the number of tons of 
pig metal made at the furnaces. Also the number of tons of bars 
produced at the mill. We are to-day sending you a cipher code, so 
that this wfll require but a few words to give us all the informa- 
tion which now takes a long and expensive message. We have 
been for some time getting a telegraphic report each day giving the 
production of pig metal, bars, and billets at each plant except Al- 
toona. It is necessary for us to have this in order to keep track of 
the production and to enable us to know just how much we shall 
have to sell during the remainder of the year. 

We have your statement of the probable requirements at the 
eight and twenty-four-inch mills. This, you will see, leaves but a 
small amount to be sold from the Gorner- Jackson Works until after 
the new Finishing Mill is started. This, we think, should be 
ready for business before a great many weeks, and we shall be glad 
to know what progress is being made on same. 

Your early advice will oblige ; and we hope you will push this 
work to completion as rapidly as possible, as it is money in our 
pockets to have it producing very promptly. 
Yours truly, 

Altoona Ikon and Steel Co. 
XXXI. 

Douglas, Ala., Sept. 16th, 1899. 
F. F. Gans, Esq., New Orleans, La. 

Deae Sik : — We are in reciept of your letter ; also estimate of the 
Jeffreys Manufacturing Company for crane, together with their 
blue prints, which we return herewith. If you feel that this is the 
crane you want, and that it will surely do the work required, you 
may contract for same to be delivered at the earliest possible date. 

Regarding the building, I went over the matter fully with Mr. 
Rainey as to the advisability of employing a couple of draughts- 
men to get up the plans you require. His experience has been that 
he could always do better by having the persons who were likely to 
get the contract, get up the plans, agreeing to give them the 
preference, and at the same time saying that if they did not get the 
contract they should have a fair compensation for the plans made 
and the expense they had incurred. Taking this into considera- 
tion, we think you should have the Canton Bridge Company get up 



76 BUSINESS LETTERS. 

regular plans, which you should submit to us, together with the 
estimates of other bidders, getting the estimates as promptly as pos- 
sible. 

We think it best to go ahead putting in the new soaking pit, get- 
ing the patent door covers and making the improvements to the ad- 
joining tracks, as you suggest. 

We wired you to telephone us Monday, in regard to the situation 
at Sardinia, but we leave the matter in your hands and to your 
good judgment as to what you had best do. 

I shall be absent from the office until Monday, but you can 
always reach me at the hotel. Please keep me posted. 

Yours truly, 

Emoky Hekschel. 

XXXII. 

The Shousetown Steel Sheet Co., Shousetown, Pa. 

Gentlemen : — We have your three favors of the 8th inst., and 
have to say in reference to the new accounts X 233 and Z 422, that 
it seems unnecessary to put them in. In accordance with the last 
card, you can leave out the fuel entirely from the operating ex- 
penses, and distribute it from your fuel account. The item of 
Fluxes can be distributed in the same way ; so, if what you speak 
of is known simply as flux, it is not necessary to open any new 
account for it. 

The distribution of the Pennsylvania inventory which was sent 
you classed Calcite and Dolomite as refractories. That is what 
we thought they were, and we have heard nothing from you to the 
contrary, until this letter speaking of the new account. We re- 
ceived this morning, however, a distribution of the inventory which 
differs from ours, so far as we can see in glancing over it, only in 
classing the Calcite and Dolomite as fluxes. We will correct our 
distribution accordingly, and we shall understand that in future 
these materials go into the fluxes instead of the refractories. 

As to the notices for shipments made you, you may continue to 
send the original bill here to be filed in this way. You may take, 
also, a duplicate bill to be sent to the customers. 

We shall be glad to hear from you as to any further information 
you may wish regarding invoices, shipments, etc. 

Yours very truly, 

Beaddock & Co. 



BUSINESS LETTERS. 77 

XXXIII. 

Kewaunee, III., April 8th., 1899. 
The J. E. Ilillman Iron Co., Cleveland, 0. 

Gentleman : — The contracts for Commodore silica ore, and the 
Pewabic Bessemer ore sent to Fairport, have been forwarded here, 
but they are not quite as they should be. We asked that in such 
cases any ore that it was impossible for you to deliver this year, 
should be carried over until next season. This has been done with 
all other contracts we know of, and we wish to have them uniform. 

Your contracts also contain a clause about making payments 
faster, in case material is delivered faster than the monthly arrange- 
ment contemplated. This clause has been erased by all the other 
parties, and we shall be glad to have you do likewise. We do not 
think it will amount to anything, as it is our wish that no ore be de- 
livered until the first of August, so that we may be able to take ad- 
vantage of the ore handling apparatus which will be installed at 
our docks by that time. 

The only other point is the Phosphorous guarantee in the Com- 
modore silica, which we understand to be .011, according to your 
analysis sheet. We have not one of these before us, but that is the 
way the ore is listed in two places where we have it recorded. 
Ought this not to be so? 

In other respects the contracts seem to be all right, and if you 
will send the necessary rider as to carrying over any quantity un- 
avoidably undelivered this year, and authorize the erasure of clause 
about faster payments, and the final clause about cancellations, we 
will sign and return the contract about Pewabic. 

Trusting this will be satisfactory, we are, 
Yours very truly. 

Valparaiso Leon Co. 

XXXIT. 

James R. GaUher, Mgr., Pittsburg, Pa. 

Deab Sip. :— We are in receipt oi your letter and note what you say 
about making the reports of the furnaces every three weeks, so that 
we could include all the incidentals. 

We wish for the present you would send reports each week. All 
the other furnaces are sending theirs in that way, and we should 
like to make a comparison. You may say on the reports " estimated 
labor and estimated incidentals.'" The incidentals vary so much 
that it would be as well to have them estimated each week : then 



78 BUSINESS LETTERS. 

we can make correction at the end of the term for which they are 
figures. 

Please let it go on this way at present. We think, however, your 
suggestion is a good one, and probably shall adopt your way of fig- 
uring later on ; that is, to have the furnaces make a report twice or 
three times each month ; say on the first and 15th, at which time 
the actual labor could be stated. The objection to this, however, 
is that it would delay your report nearly a week, as it would take 
about that time to get up your pay-rolls. 

The plan we contemplated was to have the ore per ton of metal, 
coke per ton of metal, and limestone per ton of output figured out 
each week ; then, after the labor and incidentals came in, we would 
add that to make the total amount. 

The best method of comparison we have of the different fur- 
naces is on the matter of coke, ore, and limestone ; particularly 
coke. In the matter of labor, some of the furnaces will have special 
advantages which others cannot expect until their appliances are 
changed. 

Hoping this will be satisfactory to you, and that later on it can 
be so arranged, we are, 

Sincerely yours, 

Troy Ieon Works. 

XXXV. 

Sardinia, Ohio, April 11th, 1899. 
J. J. Thompson, Esq., Council Bluffs, la. 

Dear Sir : — We have your favor of the 11th inst., regarding let- 
ter heads. What I have already said about the designation of your 
works as the Diamond City Plant, was intended merely as a prepa- 
ration for what it would be when regularly taken into the larger 
combination and when the business should have been brought to 
this office, as it will be at some time within the next six months. 
It was not intended to have any bearing on the present situation. 

It seems to us that so long as the business is done, as it is now, 
in the name of the Diamond City Iron and Steel Company, it will 
be much better to continue the forms of letter heads just as they 
are now, without any special reference to the Dearbon Steel and 
Iron Company. 

We are doing this with the Johnstown and with the Zanesville. 
We do not wish to decide finally and definitely about this now, but 
that is the way it appears to us, and in this respect I think it would 



BUSINESS LETTERS. 79 

be better not to make any change in your letter heads or stationery 
for the present. 

We will write you further about this when the matter takes any 
definite form. It might be just as well not to lay in too large a 
supply of letter heads, but I think, in any event, they can be 
stamped when the change takes place, and so carry with them all 
the prestige of the Diamond City name. 

We will also advise you as soon as we are in position to make a 
change in the manner of receiving remittances, making drafts, etc. 
Very truly yours, 

National Steel and Iron Co. 

XXXVI. 

Milwaukee, Wis., March, 11th, 1899. 
Mr. J. G. Baker, Johnstown Machine Company, Johnstown, Pa. 

Dear Sie : — The forms which you have sent us have given me 
some idea of your methods of conducting the business and I have 
no doubt that your system has enabled you to take good care of it. 
I find that the methods at the different plants vary considerably, 
and I desire, so far as the accounts and the cost records are con- 
cerned, to adopt as nearly as possible a uniform system, so that we 
may be able to tell in detail what every one is doing, and compare 
the practice at each plant. Taking all methods into account, it 
seems pretty clear that the voucher system will be of great assist- 
ance in enabling us to get the returns together promptly and make 
weekly showings. This system is capable of any degree of elabora- 
tion, so far as cost-keeping is concerned. 

We have adopted this system at the Rome, — in fact, adopted it 
very shortly after we started in there in 1890, after having gone 
over the methods used by some of the largest and best plants in 
this country. It has worked very satisfactorily with us, the Hib- 
bard Company, the Cincinnati, and one or two others, all of whom 
say they prefer it to any other. 

I have been over the matter with Mr. Jamison, of the Cincinnati 
Company, who is just adopting such a system, and also with Mr. 
Cartmell. I shall also be glad to confer with you about in it the 
near future ; and in order that you may have an opportunity of 
looking over our system, I have asked the Rome people to send you 
copies of our cost-sheets, our vouchers, and our card of accounts. 
I trust you will understand them. 

Yours truly, 

Z. Y. Shayne, President. 



80 BUSINESS LETTERS. 

XXXVII. 

V and alia, III., Nov. 2, 1899. 

Messrs. Atwater & Dryland, Homestead, Pa. 

Gentlemen : — We have for years been purchasing billets, blooms, 
etc., from some one of the mills which have recently gone into the 
consolidation of which we understand you are now a member. We 
operate a forge and use the blooms for forging purposes. While a 
large part of our output consists of forged iron, our consumption 
of steel runs about 500 tons per month. A good many of our cus- 
tomers make time contracts with us running, say, anywhere from 
three to eighteen months. Part of these contracts have now expired, 
and our customers are desirous of renewing them ; and to enable 
us to do this we, of course, find it necessary to cover ourselves with 
the material. We have taken the matter up with a number of mills 
by telegraph, but have not been successful in obtaining any prices 
from them, and in some instances were referred to you. 

Owing to the fact that we have been customers of these mills 
right along for years, we think it may be your desire to endeavor to 
supply our wants ; and while our trade is not a very large one, there 
have been times, when the mills were not so rushed as they are at 
present, when the trade was desirable. The same may be the case 
at some time in the future. 

W T e shall be glad, therefore, to have you quote us your very low- 
est price on 3,000 to 4,000 tons of steel slabs or blooms, ranging in 
sizes from three inches to twelve inches square, including some 
8>^x9 inches, both open-hearth and Bessemer, say from .10 to .20 
carbon, deliveries to extend over the remainder of the year. 

A prompt reply will very much oblige, 

Yours truly, 



PAPER AXD BOARDS. 

Pittsbukg, Pa., April 1st, 1899. 
Messrs. II. G. Eazall & Co., Seattle, Wash. 

Deak Sies : — Replying to your favor of the 31st ult., we would 
say that we have investigated this matter, and find that this case 
of paper was taken to the Public Store by the Custom House 
authorities and opened by them, so that we, of course, are unable 
to make any claim against the shipper, as it might have been taken 
there. 



BUSINESS LETTERS. 81 

If you have carefully examined the case, and find that there is a 
ream short, we, of course, will credit your account with same. 
But the case should have indicated whether anything had been 
taken out of it or not, as it was doubtless made to hold the size and 
quantity called for in the order. However, we will leave this mat- 
ter with you. 

We trust that you found the quality of these goods satisfactory, and 
suitable for your purpose, and that we shall be favored with your 
further and larger valued orders. We carry these papers in stock 
at all times, in size 17 x 22 and 26 x 38, and can ship at once ; or we 
shall be pleased to have your orders for any special sizes to be 
made and shipped from mill. 

Awaiting yours favors, we remain, 

Very truly yours, 

Frederick: Blackwall & Son. 



XXXIX. 

Messrs. Laioton, Hellmuck & Co., 

171 Devonshire Street, Manchester, Eng. 

Dear Sirs : — Regarding sample books of gum papers, if you have 
not already, when this letter reaches you, shipped to us a quantity 
of these as requested of your Mr. Lawton when here last fall, will 
you kindly hand this letter to him, as he agreed to have these sent 
on to us. We are in receipt of many requests for these books, but 
we have none that we can give. It will facilitate very largely 
the sale of these goods, if we can have them, — the samples in the 
book showing the regular quality and uniformity that we can de- 
pend upon getting from you all the time, and having the samples 
duly numbered, of course. 

We should like as large a number of these as you can possibly 
arrange to send us ; one-half, say, stamped with your name and ad- 
dress on them, same as before, and the other half of the quantity 
that you send us to be without any name or address on the out- 
side—as many persons request us to give them the plain books 
without any name. 

Will you kindly give us prompt reply to this letter upon receipt 
of same, stating how soon we can expect the goods, and very much 
oblige. Yours very truly, 

Ihling Brothers & Heim. 



82 BUSINESS LETTERS. 

XL. 

Exchange Place, Chicago, III., Dec. 2, 1899. 
Messrs. Everett, Baughman & Co., 529 Wood Street, Milwaukee, Wis. 

Gentlemen : — We beg to acknowledge the receipt of your favor 
of the 30th Tilt, asking us to cancel your order, and in reply to this 
would say that our last advices from the mill were that these goods 
were shipped last month, and they are due here now. We, there- 
fore, trust that you will not leave them on our hands, as this would 
make them a loss to us, because they were made especially for 
you. 

As already explained to you, when this order was taken, a repre- 
sentative of the mill was in this country, and we desired very 
much to have him take the orders home with him, so as to have the 
advantage of his personal observation in this country as to the 
wants of buj^ers here. For this reason the order was delayed, as 
he did not get home quite as early as he expected. 

However, in future these goods can be received here in from four 
to six weeks from time order is received by us, and we trust you 
will let us forward this order to you, if it is on the way. We feel 
sure you will make no mistake in taking these goods, as every one 
who has used them has pronounced them the best he has ever 
seen. 

Please let us hear from you by early mail. 

Yours very truly, 

Lloyd & Perkins Co. 



XIX 



St. Louis, Mo., Nov. 30, 1889. 
Messrs. Ashby & Butter, 213 Pearl Street, Cincinnati, 0. 

Gentlemen : — Kegarding Jacquard Board, we beg to advise that 
we have sent you to-day by express, charges prepaid, a package of 
sheets of our special Jute Jacquard Board, which our trade are prin- 
cipally using in place of Straw Board for the reason that it is so 
much stronger and tougher. The merits of this card are that it is 
straight and flat, and also, because of the superior strength of fibre 
in it, the cards do not break, but last until finished with, so that 
the looms do not have to be stopped and new cards fitted in ; thus 
saving time, annoyance, and waste. We trust that you will give 
these sheets a fair trial, so that our representative, who will be in 



BUSINESS LETTERS. 83 

/our neighborhood about the end of the week, and will call upon 
you, can get your report of it. 

The strength and durability of this board, and the ultimate sav- 
ing, are what have commended it. It now supplants the use of straw 
board with all of our trade making Jacquards to-day. Further- 
more, the cost can be reduced to you still further by at least $10. 
per ton, and we will engage to take from you all the used cards at a 
price that should be satisfactory. 

Will you kindly make appointment with us, so that our repre- 
sentative can meet with you and talk the matter over ? 

Very truly yours, 

Geo. F. Studley & Co. 

XLH. 

249 Walnut St., St. Louis, Mo., Nov. 30, 1899. 
Mr. A. G. Higgins, Box 644, Cincinnati, 0. 

Deae Sie : — Enclosed please find copy of letter which we have 
this day sent to Messrs. Ashby & Rutter. 

We have received to-day from the Mill a bundle of No. 40 Jac- 
quard board, and have sent a package of these sheets by express to 
Messrs. Ashby & Rutter. We wish you would make a point of see- 
ing these parties as soon as possible, and we think the following 
suggestions can be used to advantage : — 

First, the ultimate cost. It is cheaper than straw board, be- 
cause there is no waste in the cards from breaking on the machine 
as there is with the straw board. Although in straw board it may 
not shovv at first, yet in the long run it makes it very much more 
expensive than it seems. Second, the saving of time ; as the looms 
do not have to be stopped to replace broken cards, when jute board 
is used. Third, the board can be run more uniform in thickness. 
Fourth, the original cost per ton will be reduced at least $10. per ton, 
or more, if necessary ; as we will engage to take from them, at a 
price that should be satisfactory, all of the old cards, if kept from 
being mixed with other stock. Therefore, if you can get $42.50 for 
this board and take the cuttings at say $10. per ton, as you can see, 
the net cost would be $32.50. We think that if you put your mind 
on this, and make use of the arguments which we furnish you, and 
any others that may occur to you, you can make an impression 
upon them. 

Yours truly, 

Geo. F. Studley & Co. 



I 



84 BUSINESS LETTERS. 

XLIII. 

Messrs. Van Culin Brothers, Terre Haute, Ind. 

Dear Sirs : — Your inquiry without date is received, asking for 
samples and prices of what we make out to be gray-lined board ; 
also different sizes we make, same to be delivered at Terre Haute. 

In reply, we beg to send you herewith samples of the nearest we 
have ; namely, slate or tack-lined board, on which we can make you 
price at $32.50 per ton delivered in Terre Haute in car lots of fif- 
teen tons or more. In less quantity than this, the cost would be 
$3.00 per ton additional, less the car-load rate of freight. Terms 
are less three per cent., cash, thirty days ; or ninety-day note. 

We also enclose sample of our jute-fibre board, plain and 
grained ; on which we name you for the plain board, $50.00 per ton, 
delivered. The oak graining adds $3.00 per ton. Terms same as 
above. 

In regard to the gray-lined board, we can make you any size 
you want up to 28 inches ; and in the jute board we can make you 
any size you want, providing the widths will aggregate 100 inches 
to 106 inches of paper on our machine. We can make the sheets 
26 or 27 inches wide, and any length. 

We can also furnish you with box Manila aDd coated folding 
box boards, and hope to be favored with your orders. 

Very truly yours, 

J. W. Struoken & Co. 

xixv. 

Anderson, Ind., Dec. 1, 1899. 
Mr. Charles Bentszler, Central City, Iowa. 

Dear Sir : — Referring further to your favor of the 5th inst., we 
beg to say that the price at which this board was sold to you is so 
close that the mill has instructed us not to take any more orders 
from any one at less than $45.00 per ton. 

In regard to the lot shipped to you, as you are doubtless aware, 
where you order the paper so much per 1,000 sheets, there is no 
mill that would guarantee to come nearer than five per cent, of the 
ream weight called for in the order ; and it is always assumed if 
the mill comes within five per cent., that they have filled the order 
properly. 

The mill advised us that the order as shipped showed them no 
profit at all, and they ask that you wili not make any deductions 



BUSINESS LETTERS. 85 

from this bill. We trust you will see the matter in the same light 
as we do, and will remit us in full ; otherwise we could not take 
an order of this sort again. 

You can understand that in running an order like this, particularly 
where there are several changes to be made, it is impossible for the 
mill to get down to the exact weight per ream ; and if they had run 
it under the ream weight, we should probably have had complaint 
on this score. But the way it was run is extremely close to the 
weight called for in the order. 

However, we will leave this matter to you and await your further 
advices. 

Yours very truly, 

Hammond & Co. 

YAK^S. 

Schenectady, N. Y., Dec. 4, 1899. 
Andrev: Boylan. Esq., Cohoes, N. Y. 

Deah Sie : — We are in receipt of yours of the 2d inst. We note 
that you state you never relaxed your vigilance in the least, and 
yet you say that three of your regular inspectors were sick, and 
some one that was substituted for them had allowed this small lot 
of warp to get through. Now do you not think it wise, whenever 
any irregularity like this occurs, that is to say, sickness on the part 
of skilled help, to pack these goods by themselves as questionable, 
and let us sell them for a second-class warp? We-do not. however, 
go into the details, and do not feel called upon to do this, as to just 
how you should manage things at the factory. All we want is that 
first-class work shall be turned out. 

The writer's attention was yesterday called to some warp of yours 
that had been colored. We really felt ashamed of it, and very 
promptly said, "Make claim and we will allow it, whatever it is; 
Pingaree goods are intended to be first-class, and we mean to stand 
behind them." The work that we saw yesterday showed a variable 
second twist, as well as first twist : that is to say, part of the goods 
were spongy, while they should be twisted to a good round thread, 
as most of your goods now are. Is there not some way that this 
variable twist and variation in size can be avoided '? We now have 
a great lot of seconds on hand, that we are offering to sell at almost 
any price without takers. The two-ply and three-ply and slack 
twist and spongy work, make a bad thing to sell as seconds. We 
want to submit for your consideration the suggestion, that instead 



86 BUSINESS LETTERS. 

of packing this warp up as "Seconds" in the present condition of 
the market, yon should sift all the bad work and ball it, packing 
the ball seconds by itself. We think we can produce better results 
at the factory by this means than to undertake to get rid of ac- 
knowledged "Seconds " in warp. 

Yours truly, 

Mokan & Jones. 

XXVI. 

Mr. Andrew Boj/lan, Cohoes, N. Y. 

Dear Sir :— Your letter of the 20th inst. is here and contents care- 
fully noted. Sickness on the part of the help is unavoidable. It is 
easy to understand how trouble arises and cost of production in- 
creases in such an event ; but this should be of brief duration. We 
are of the opinion that something must be done to reduce the cost 
of making Pingaree goods without unnecessary delay. Y^our men- 
tion of the inconvenience incident to running six different numbers 
of yarn at the same time, is pertinent, and we are now considering 
how we can take care of our trade in twine made of mixed waste 
and cotton, and yet reduce the varieties. As you know, we have a 
steady trade for Hope grade, which we suppose is made of about 
number 4 yarn. We have also a steady trade, but not so large, for 
Sparta, which we suppose is made of about number 6 yarn ; we have 
a still smaller but tolerably steady trade for Barr quality, which we 
suppose is made of about number 4 yarn, soft spun. All of the 
above in different plies. We have a very limited trade in 4-4 
variety. We shall continue the trade in number 1% to number 8, 
Y z cotton and % waste. We purpose extending the trade in 4-8 
(line side) all cotton warp, and to do this just as soon as we can 
guarantee Pingaree goods first-class, and feel assured that when we 
make a contract it will be properly filled. 

Yours truly, 

Moran & Jones. 

XXVII. 

Andrew Boylan,Esq., Cohoes, N. Y. 

Dear Sir :— Referring further to yours of the 20th inst., which has 
already been partly answered under another cover, the question 
arises, How can we reduce the number of varieties? It is possible 
that we might capture the Hope trade and Sparta trade by using the 
same yarn out of the same stock, holding the Hope grade with four- 



BUSINESS LETTERS. 87 

ply of this new size yarn, and using three-ply new size yarn to hold 
the Sparta trade. 

Let us see how this would work. We get to-day for Hope 10 
cents; we get for Sparta 11 cents to 11% cents. Now, suppose we 
could get for the proposed new size yarn, which would be number 
5, four-ply, branded "Hope," 15 cents, and three-ply branded 
"Sparta," 13 cents, would it, in your opinion, be better for the fac- 
tory, and conducive to reducing the general cost of production? 
You will understand that we are simply making a suggestion, and 
that we, ourselves, are not so sure that this could be accomplished. 
All we are sure of to-day is that we must have a 15-cent twine, to 
compete with a grade that other people sell at 12 cents to 13 cents. 
Then, let us suppose that periodically you ran on number 4 slack 
twist yarn and made up a lot of " Ban " goods for stock, four-, five- 
and six-ply, and at the same time make up some warp, running a 
few days for this purpose, and then abandoning it until the stock is 
used up. 

Suppose you consider this whole matter and give us your views 
about the suggestions we have made above, and mention any other 
item that you would care to mention that would assist you in arriv- 
ing at the necessary result. 

Yours truly. 



Moean & Jones. 



XXVIII. 



Bkooklyn, N. Y., March 21, 1899. 
Messrs. Moran & Jones, Schenectady, N. T. 

Gentlemen: — Referring to yours of the 17th inst., we note that 
you are disappointed about the price obtained for goods in Febru- 
ary. You must not forget that we are delivering warp on contracts 
made in November. 

The nominal price to-day for first-class warp is 10% cents, but 
actually selling at 11% cents, and we hope to have all of our old 
contracts filled before this month goes out. Still, you must not 
expect outside prices so long as your company sends carpet warp 
here that cannot be guaranteed to be free from singling, cork-screw 
work and intertied skeins. All of these imperfections still occur 
occasionally, but we are hoping that as time goes on the very best 
goods will come from your company. Now, we would not have you 
think that there are so many imperfections in the goods as there 
were at one time ; but there are too many now. Our recollection is 



88 BUSINESS LET TERS. 

that we told you we would endeavor to get 1034 for the four -ply 
Hope and 11 cents for Sparta. However we are doing about as well 
as we know how. 

Yours truly, 

T. Pbatt & Co. 

XXIX. 

Peovidence, R. I., March 3, 1899. 
W. E. Nettleton, Esq., Atlanta, Ga. 

Dear Sir : — Notwithstanding that the past season has been a 
very unfavorable one, we hope that you were fortunate in securing 
a fair share of business, and although the reports at present are very- 
unfavorable for the growing crop, we trust that we shall be happily 
disappointed and that conditions will be such as to benefit both of 
us. We shall use every effort to build up a nice business at this 
end, and we feel confident that you will do the same at yours. 

Some of our correspondents delay sending types, claiming that 
the early cotton is green and badly ginned and consequently does 
not fairly represent; but if you will take into consideration the fact 
that cotton all over the belt is in the same condition at the same 
time, you will see that yorr types will represent the character and 
style as well as do those of your competitors. We have learned by 
experience that when mills begin to give their orders, if the cotton 
proves satisfactory from that point, they are in favor of continuing. 
We of course expect a set of types when the cotton is fully matured 
and more grades are represented. 

If the cotton is spotted from any cause, don't fail to mention it 
when offering, as the mills here are very strict regarding that, and 
in case the cotton is sold to be regular in color, which it is if there 
is no stipulation, they will reject it on arrival if it is spotted. 

We hope you will keep us well supplied with firm offers ; and 
whenever we have a demand for grades or staples that you do not 
quote, we shall request an offer of same by telegraph. 

Yours truly, 

HYLAND & SCHOOLEY. 

MISCELLANEOUS. 

Philadelphia, Pa., Feb. 1, 1900. 
Mr. J. W. Johnston, New York. 

Dear Sir : — Agreeably to your request, we would say that the 
boiler house for the Standard Car Company's new plant will be 

LofC. 



BUSINESS LETTERS. 89 

designed for 3,000 horse-power, water-tube boilers which will be 
equipped with Rooney stokers. The coal storage which is above 
the boilers, will be sufficient to operate the plant for five days, of 24 
hours each. 

The coal will be received on railroad siding, passing the end of 
boiler house. Under the railroad track receiving hopper and 
crusher are to be placed, so that either mine-run or slack coal may 
be used. The coal will then be lifted and deposited in the storage 
hoppers. From these hoppers, by systems of suitable pipe, it is 
passed to the stoker magazine. The ashes which will be accumu- 
lated in the ash-pit under the stoker will be cleaned out into a 
small car in a tunnel under the boiler-house floor. This car will 
transport the ashes to the elevator which is used for handling the 
coal, and which will also be used for lifting the ashes and depositing 
them in an ash hopper, also within the lines of the building. From 
this hopper the ashes will be drawn off into railroad cars on the 
same track on which tha coal is received. The entire scheme of 
handling coal was designed by us and is covered by our contract, 
including the motive power, which will be motors. The stokers, 
which are Rooney, will be furnished by The Church Company, Ltd. ; 
the boilers, which are B. & W. type, by the Hall boiler people. The 
building was designed and is being built by the American Construc- 
tion Company. Very truly yours, 

Prall Bros. 

ul. 

Pittsburg, Pa., Jan. 2, 1900. 
Alexandria Steel Co., Young stown, Ohio. 

Gentlemen: — Replying to your favor of Dec. 28th, we would say 
that we enclose herewith copy of the original patent taken out for 
our method of casting metals. We have some other patents bear- 
ing on the matter, and have some further claims now in the patent 
office, which, from our knowledge of the state of the art, we are 
fully satisfied will be allowed us. 

We have had no photographs of the plant taken as yet, but will 
have some made within the next two or three weeks, copies of 
which we will send you. We have about finished up an outline 
drawing of the machine, and shall be able to send you a print of it 
shortly. We feel sure that we have a machine of very great merit. 

Are we to understand from your letter that you have completed 
arrangements for the installation of the machine you refer to, or is 



90 BUSINESS LETTERS. 

the matter still under consideration ? Our reason for asking this is 
that in case you are actually building the machine, you would prob- 
ably not be interested in our apparatus except for future use. In 
any case, however, we should like you to make a thorough inves- 
tigation of the apparatus, as we feel sure that you can not help but 
be impressed with its merits. 

Hoping to hear further from you on this subject, we remain, 
Very truly yours, 

Wilson & Sedgwick. 

MI. 

The Jones Coal Co., Youngstown, Ohio. 

Gentlemen: — Enclosed please find proposal for car haul; also 
duplicate print of the one left with Mr. Johnson. We discussed 
this matter quite thoroughly in all its featv^es on Sunday, and I 
think we all understood the various features. 

With the exception of the few modifications of the general arrange- 
ment which were discussed, and some of which cannot be definitely 
decided on until Mr. Loefner has completed his surveys, I believe 
that the plant will be as perfect in arrangement as it is possible to 
make it under any conditions. In fact, I feel sure that it will make 
you an ideal plant and a very economical one to operate. 

The engine which we have figured on using is a 11x18. A smaller 
engine would answer the purpose and cost a little less money ; but 
we scarcely think it advisable, where your entire production is 
dependent on a given part, to take any chances with it. Conse- 
quently we would advise the use of the larger engine, which would 
ensure you abundance of power, even if your steam pressure were 
very low. 

Hoping to have your favorable consideration, we remain, 
Yours respectfully, 

CONKLIN & TUKNER. 
LIII. 

The American Construction Co., Salem, Ohio. 

Gentlemen : — We have your favor of Dec. 1st, with enclosure 
from the Commer Company, regarding the Lawrenceville Steel 
Company. In reply we would say that we have several times 
figured overwork for the Lawrenceville Steel Co.; but the pro- 
posals they asked for invariably ran into so much money that there 



BUSINESS LETTERS. 91 

was no hope of their undertaking them. Their plant is in the 
worst possible condition for the installation of such work. It seems 
that no matter how old or dilapidated the shed may be, they will 
put up new machinery in it instead of tearing it down and rebuild- 
ing it to suit their purpose. It is all around the most disheartening 
place for doing work that we have ever figured on. I have known 
Mr. Jones for some years, and he is not an ideal man to work for, as 
he is not very practical. I knew him long before he went with the 
Lawrenceviile Steel Co. 

In regard to the matter in hand now, we would make this sugges- 
tion, which will no doubt have your approval, and consequently we 
will proceed on this line: We will send one of our men to Taren- 
tum to-morrow to take this matter up with Mr. Jones. In case we 
should find that Mr. Jones is indisposed to deal with us, or to give 
favorable consideration to a proposal from us, we will notify you in 
plenty of time, so that you can take up the matter yourselves. 

We thank you for calling our attention to this matter, and trust 
that our actions will meet with your approval. 
Yours truly, 

Cincinnati Machine Works, 

Per H. D. Adrian. 

Altoona, Pa., Feb. 3, 1900. 
American Iron and Steel Co., Lebanon, Pa. 

Gentlemen : — Your favor of the 22d inst. was duly received and 
carefully noted. There must surely be some mistake in the state- 
ment that you find there has been considerable difficulty in always 
satisfying our requirements as to the quality of steel billets or 
blooms., and we think your people have confounded us with some 
one else. We have never made a complaint to any one in regard to 
the quality of the billets or blooms which they have supplied us 
unless there was just cause for making such complaint. And where 
we have once or twice made a complaint, the parties to whom it 
was made have acknowledged that we were justified in making it, 
and have made us proper allowance, or taken back the defective 
material. Our orders almost invariably call for the usual grade of 
soft steel suitable for forging purposes, and no complaint was ever 
made by us in any way that we know of, regarding steel shipped us 
by the mill in question, 



92 BUSINESS LETTERS. 

Sometimes we have inquired for billets of certain chemical and 
physical properties, but this was only in cases where we had inqui- 
ries of that character and before quoting on the forging. We simply 
submitted the specifications to the steel mills to see what they 
could do in the matter. It has been very rarely that we have had 
anything of that kind, and it has certainly cut no figure in our 
regular supply. 

►Since our last letter to you we have succeeded in buying what 
steel we shall need for a few months to come. When again in the 
market we shall be glad to communicate with you, and we trust 
your mills will be in shape to take care of us the same as heretofore. 

Very truly yours, 

Shafter & Bedloe. 



iv. 



Richmond, Va., Feb. 5, 1900. 
Mr. Frank Crosby, Baltimore, Md. 

Dear Sib : — I enclose a sample of plate rolled at Pittsburgh, from 
Warder, Jamison & Co. You will notice that this plate shows both 
blisters and ganister streaks on the surface. Mr. Bartlett states 
that he is running into a considerable amount of this class of stock, 
one of the sheets which I have opened, particularly, showing an 
extraordinary amount of dirt in the center. My experience has 
been that nine-tenths of the blisters found in the plates are due to 
dirt. They are doing the best they can at Marietta with this stock, 
but certainly there should be steps taken immediately to stop this 
complaint. 

Another complaint in regard to the bars is that nearly all of them 
are sheared fully one inch too long, In addition to this excess 
length, there is also a considerable amount of irregular shearing, 
nearly all the bars from Warder, Jamison & Co. being bowed, which 
accounts for their irregular shearing. The last 200 tons of bars 
shipped from Warder to La Grange during last month, ran about as 
Mr. Bartlett reports that these bars ran. 

I enclose tin- house report from Pittsburg, last week. You will 
notice that the wasters show but 2 per cent., the charcoals 21 per 
cent, and the ternes 10 per cent. Just as soon as the plate from the 
Warder bar comes through, will send you a similar report for com- 
parison; but from the sample which I mail you, you can readily see 



BUSINESS LETTERS. 93 

that the percentage of wasters (and blistered wasters are the mean- 
est kind) must of necessity run far in excess of this report. 
I shall be glad to hear from you promptly. 

Yours truly, 

Julian Waineight. 

I.TL 

Newark, N. J., Feb. 6, 1900. 
Mr. John Onderdonk, Yonkers, iV r . Y. 

Dear Sie : — Believing that either you or your friends are inter- 
ested more or less in the affairs of the Harrison Iron & Steel Com- 
pany, I think that possibly the matter I am going to state may be 
of some interest to you. 

The plant of the Guthrie Iron Company at Plymouth, which has 
just been purchased, is in position to turn out 2,500 tons of open- 
hearth billets a week. The furnaces are in good condition to blow 
in at very short notice. The blowing engines were put in by John- 
son in 1898, and are up to date in every respect. They have never 
been run over six or eight months. 

The location of the works cannot be excelled, as it is on the Penna. 
R. R., the Baltimore & Ohio, and a branch of the Big Four, being 
only a short run from docks at which vessels of any size can land. 

These works were purchased with the immediate object in view 
of organizing a company and operating the plant; or if this could 
not be accomplished, we would sell them for a certain amount over 
the first cost. 

If you care to go into this matter any further for your own infor- 
mation or that of your associates, I shall be most pleased to make 
an appointment with you at any time in the near future. 

Yours very truly, 

Andbew McDonald. 



Price-List of ANDREW J. GRAHAM & CO., 1135 Broadway, X. T. 

WORKS 

ON 

STANDARD PHONOGRAPHY 

AND OTHER SUBJECTS 

BY 

ANDREW J. GRAHAM, A. M. 



"A more complete series of works on any subject than Mr. Graham's Standard 
Phonographic Series has never been published. The Text-Books are the only 
ones that are perfect in themselves ; aad, in no respect, could I suggest an im- 
provement in the manner of bringing the subject before even the dullest 
student." — Charles Flowers, a superior reporter. 

The Little Teacher. — Comprises : 1. The Outline, presenting all the chief 
elements of Standard Phonography in eight primer-size pages : 2. The 
Little Reading- Exercises — furnishing in 16 little pages an exercise on 
each section of the Outline. 3. Miniature edition of the Correspondent's 
List of Word-Signs, Contractions, Phrase-Signs. Prefixes, and Affixes of the 
Corresponding Style. 43T The Little Teacher is a useful pocket companion 
for students of the Synopsis or Hand-Book. Price, cloth, 40 cts. ; paper, 25 cts. 

The Synopsis. — New and Revised edition. — Comprises : 1. The Synopsis (in 29 
duodecimo pages) of all the Principles of the Corresponding Style, unmis- 
takably presented, with numerous engraved illustrations. 2. " The Corre- 
spondent's List" — 12mo edition — comprising an alphabetical list of Corre- 
sponding Word-Signs, Contractions, Phrase-Signs, Prefixes, and Affixes. 3. 
"The Reading Exercises" — in which there is an extended illustration and 
application of each section of the text ; followed by several pages of con- 
nected reading matter, with an interlined translation. This edition is well 
adapted to the use of either Classes or Private Students. JgW This is a highly 
useful book for students of the Hand-Book, in making frequent reviews of 
the elements. — Price, 50 cts. 

The Hand-Book. — New and Revised edition. — Presents every principle of 
every style of the Art in such a Eorm and Manner, with such Fullness of 
Explanation and Completeness of Illustration, and with such other features 
as fully to adapt the work to the use of Schools and to Self -Instruction. 400 
duodecimo pages (52 being engraved exercises), to which are appended 41 
pages of a Brief Phonographic Dictionary. Price, bound in muslin, with 
embossed side-title, $2.00 ; post-paid, $2.10. 

•'Full, Concise, and Philosophical in its development of the theory of 
writing by sound, Admirable in its arrangement, and Replete with Improve- 
ments and. refinements on the Art as previously defined, it affords the learner 
a safe means of obtaining a speed in reporting at least one fourth greater than 
can be acquired by any other method." — New York Herald. 

First Reader. — New and Revised Edition : Stereographed in the Correspond- 
ing Style ; with interpaged Key ; with Questions ; and with Notes. $1.25. 

Second Reader. — New and Revised Edition : Stereographed in the Reporting 
Style, with Key and Notes. To be studied in connection with the Reporting- 
Style chapter of the Hand-Book. $1.25. 



Price-List of ANDREW J. GRAHAM A CO., 1136 Broadway, N. F 



Standard-Phonographic Dictionary.— " The last great crowning wort of 
the Standard Scries," gives the pronunciation and the best outline-. (I 
Bponding, adyanced-Corresponding, and Reporting) of about 60,000 words, 

and the tonus tor about 60,000 phrases. Beyond comparison with an\ short- 
hand dictionary or vocabulary ever published. Invaluable to writers of either 

style cloth. $2.50, ppd.. $2.70; full leather. $3.50, ppd., $3.75. Octavo-form 

(from the same plates), with wide margins, cloth, $3., ppd., $3.7.". ■ leathi 
$4.00, ppd., $4.2."). 

The Reporter's list.— With engraved forms, combining in one list, in .chart- 
like forni, and in phonographic-alphabetical order, all the Word-Signs, Con- 
tractions, etc., contained in lists in the Hand-Book, and with many thousand 
other words for compabison, contrast, and distinction, with explanations 
in the corresponding style. 1,000 engraved pages and 139 pages of comnlon 
print, consisting of Preface, Introduction, Notts, and Index. The Index is ar- 
ranged in the common-alphabetical order, which permits the easy finding of 
any word or phrase in the book. A very valuable w r ork. Totaf number of 
pages, 1,139. Price, cloth, $2.50, ppd., $2.70; leather, $3.50, ppd., $3.75. 

Practice-Book Series. — UC S = Unvocalized Corresponding Style. Engraved in 
the Advanced-Corresponding Style, with Key and Questions and Notes. Vefy 
useful for practice in reading or writing without the vowels. Composed of 
short articles on scientific and literary matters. Very interesting and in- 
structive. 12mo, 120 pages. Cloth. Price, 75 cents. 

Business Letters. — First and Second Series. These little books are intended 
principally for students of shorthand wmo are preparing themselves for 
amanuensis work, and who do not care to use the briefest reporting out- 
lines. Tuey consist of a large variety of business letters, nearly all of which 
were furnished by stenographers to whom they had been dictated. En- 
graved in the Simple-Reporting Style, wdth Key. 12mo, 90 pages. Cloth. 
Price, 50 cents each. 

Amanuensis Practice.— Consists of a large number and variety of business 
letters and a number of miscellaneous articles of general and scientific in- 
terest. Engraved in the Advanced-Reporting Style. 

The Convenient arrangement of this book has made it very popular in 
schools and among private students. It is almost indispensable to students 
preparing for the highest-grade w T ork of an office-stenographer. Superbly 
printed on fine paper. 12mo, 150 pages. Cloth. Price, $1.25. 

Lady of the Lake. — By Sir Walter Scott. With Frontispiece. Stereographed in 
the Advanced-Corresponding Style, with interpaged. Key ; and with Notes. 
Total number of pages. 328. Price, $1.50; Morocco, $3^00. "A beautiful 
poem, beautifully engraved in phonography." 

The Legend of Sleepy Hollow. — Irving's quaint tale of life among the 
Dutch settlers along the lower Hudson a century ago, receives another 
charm w T hen presented in the graceful characters of Standard Phonography. 
Engraved in the Advanced-Corresponding Style. No key. Handsomely 
bound in paper covers. 37 pages. Price, 20 cents. 

The Student's Journal (Established 1872). — Monthly exponent of Graham 
shorthand — appeals to reporters as well as students — contains more short- 
hand and more instruction than any other similar publication, as well afi 
letterpress reading of general interest. Adapted for use in schools. Sent 
to any address for one year for one dollar. Special rates for clubs. Sample 
copy, five cents. 20 pages (10 x 12). 

Writing Exercise Blanks. — (Key to the Hand-Book Reading Exercises, with 
lines to write the signs on). 96 pages. 10 cents. 



ANDREW J. GRAHAM & CO., 

PUBLISHERS, 

1135 Broadway New York. 



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